Additive manufacturing of PLA structures using fused deposition modelling: Effect of process parameters on mechanical properties and their optimal selection

3D printing, more formally known as Additive Manufacturing (AM), is already being adopted for rapid prototyping and soon rapid manufacturing. This review provides a brief discussion about AM and also the most employed AM technologies for polymers. The commonly-used ASTM and ISO mechanical test standards which have been used by various research groups to test the strength of the 3D-printed parts have been reported. Also, a summary of an exhaustive amount of literature regarding the mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts is included, specifically, properties under different loading types such as tensile, bending, compressive, fatigue, impact and others. Properties at low temperatures have also been discussed. Further, the effects of fillers as well as post-processing on the mechanical properties have also been discussed. Lastly, several important questions to consider in the standardization of mechanical test methods have been raised.

Mechanical characterization of 3D-printed polymers

A review on additive manufacturing of polymer-fiber composites

Recent advancements in the Additive Manufacturing (AM) Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) approach are described with focus on the application to tooling and molds for composite materials and structures. A detailed summary of mechanical properties of printed parts for different composite material systems is presented and discussed. These material systems are comprised of discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers characterized by fiber orientation dominantly parallel to the direction of the extrudate. An overview of the FFF process and its physical phenomena is given including the flow and resulting fiber orientation, the bond formation between adjacent beads and the thermomechanical solidification behavior of the deposited material. Based on reviewed research in these different phenomena, future research needs are discussed and desirable objectives are formulated.

Fused filament fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymers: A review

X-ray computed tomography of polymer composites

Evaluation and prediction of the tensile properties of continuous fiber-reinforced 3D printed structures

https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/9c4f2193-0d77-4168-8e46-cdfd39f67139/view/64cf822c-b166-4350-9370-320a2b21ffb6/CS_131_384.pdf

Micro-computed tomography analysis of tubular braided composites

Braided composites are highly valuable engineering structures. However, they have not had a significant impact on the civilian aerospace industry until recently. The Airbus A350-1000, which is currently under development, marked one of the first large-scale aerospace applications of braided composites in its early planned developments. Herein, some of the fundamental concepts of braids and braided composites are reviewed. Types of braided structures and materials best suited for aerospace applications are explored, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The mechanical behaviour of braided composites' structures and methods used to model their properties are introduced. Finally, current aerospace applications of braided composites in the aerospace industry are examined.

Braided composites in aerospace engineering

In designing and modeling braided composites, macromechanical models of laminates are integral to the process. Herein, fundamental concepts of macromechanical modeling are presented, as are a number of important cases that exemplify the importance of understanding laminate stacking and how this relates to braided composites.

Macromechanics of composite materials

Micromechanical models are important in understanding and predicting the behavior of the foundational components of braided composites. Herein the theoretical framework to determine lamina properties is presented. Stiffness, strength, and thermal concepts and models are presented. A number of examples of the sensitivity of key parameters on critical equations are also presented.

Benjamin K.O. Cheung

Papers

Evaluation and prediction of the tensile properties of continuous fiber-reinforced 3D printed structures

Micro-computed tomography analysis of tubular braided composites

Braided composites in aerospace engineering

Macromechanics of composite materials

Micromechanics for braided composites