How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

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From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development

The problem of high school dropouts has generated increased interest among researchers, policymakers, and educators in recent years. This paper examines the many issues involved in trying to understand and solve this complex social and educational problem. The issues are grouped into four areas covering the incidence, causes, consequences, and solutions to the problem. Within each area, the discussion identifies the important issues involved, the current state of research on the issues, and considerations for future research.

High School Dropouts: A Review of Issues and Evidence

The principal aim of this book is to make planners and policymakers more aware of the problems that can arise in developing investment strategies for education and the analytical tools and information that are available to help solve them. It draws both on World Bank analysis and research and on the wider literature on planning educational investment. Among the topics discussed are the contribution of education to economic and human development, cost-benefit analysis, the demand for educated manpower, finance, the efficiency and quality of education, equity considerations, and the links between investment in education and in other sectors.

Education for Development: An Analysis of Investment Choices

Excerpt] This chapter will discuss utility analysis (VA), which attempts to answer such questions by focusing on decisions about human resources. Utility analysis refers to the process that describes, predicts and/or explains what determines the usefulness or desirability of decision options, and examines how that information affects decisions. In HRM and I/O psychology, the focus lies on decisions involving employment relationships and employee behaviors. Thus, I/O psychologists use the term utility analysis to refer to a specific set of models that reflect the consequences, usually performance-related, of programs designed to enhance the value of the work force to the employing organization.

Utility Analysis for Decisions in Human Resource Management

The purpose of this study was to evaluate computer games or components of the games that would lend themselves for use in an educational setting. Participants included 20 men and 20 women who volunteered to participate. All participants played four randomly assigned computer-based shareware or freeware games from among eight categories. Participants offered numerous suggestions for instructional applications of the noneducational games. Results suggested diverse patterns of preference and use between genders. Participants indicated many key features regarded as essential for an effective gaming environment as well as those that distracted them from play. Trial and error was observed to be the dominant strategy used across all game categories. In addition, participants suggested numerous educational applications for common categories of computer games.

Beverly Ekkens

Papers

Cost-Effectiveness: A Primer

Behavioral Approaches to Rehabilitation, Coping With Change

The Chronically III Psychiatric Patient and the Community