Currently, enormous amount of electrical power is being used by street lights, which remain switched ON throughout the night. This causes a huge wastage of electrical power across the whole world and it should be minimized. The main purpose of implementing automatic street lights is that lights will switch ON with full intensity only when there are vehicles or pedestrians on the road and remain off otherwise. The street lights can be powered by the electrical energy generated through the pressure applied by footsteps and vehicles. So we don't need to provide power to the street lights separately. The automatic street light system comprises of DC lights, lux meter, PIR sensors, piezoelectric sensors, LDR and ultrasonic sensor. Our main purpose is to make such a street light system in which intensity of street lights increases when a car comes closer to it and decreases when it moves away from the light pole.

Smart Street Light System Powered by Footsteps

This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based solar and piezoelectric powered street lighting system focusing on energy conservation, automation, air quality monitoring and detection of faulty streetlights. It presents a hybrid and dynamic IoT based approach for smart street lighting system (SSLS) along with real time online monitoring of air quality. The free energy generation from solar panels and piezoelectric transducers makes the proposed SSLS a standalone infrastructure. It smartly maneuvers the streetlights based on the presence or absence of vehicles and sunlight via light dependent resistor (LDR) and infrared (IR) sensors. Moreover, an online detection system is used for detecting faulty streetlights with the help of voltage and current sensors. Depending upon number of vehicles passed during night, streetlights are operated at four different intensities i.e., from 20% to 50% with the step size of 10% in the absence of vehicles while operating at 100% intensity upon vehicle's arrival. This dimming operation not only enhances the life span of streetlights but also enables significant conservation of energy up to 84%. Besides, real time online air quality monitoring helps authorities to take suitable action whenever air quality index reaches an undesired level.

IoT based Energy Efficient Smart Street Lighting Technique with Air Quality Monitoring

The development of services computing systems requires an environment that supports service-oriented application development approach. The organized environment is referred to as platform in this paper. The lack of such generic platform is a challenge in the field. A reference model becomes a prerequisite for developing such platform in order to optimize the computing resources. This paper proposes a reference model of services computing systems platform based on the literature studies using a meta-analysis technique. The paper demonstrates a reference model development using the systematic meta-analysis technique to identify the required components of the platform and to examine the interaction between the components. Statistical tests are conducted to show the correlation between the components and to evaluate the proposed reference model. This study also discusses the different functions and areas for each layer of the proposed model. The contribution of this paper is a generic reference model of services computing systems platform based on meta-analysis technique that can be used as a guide to build the platform.

A reference model of services computing systems platform based on meta-analysis technique

Street lighting promotes safety by allowing pedestrians and vehicles to see each other and prevents accidents, robberies, unwanted theft, and other crimes that occur on the highway. But the electrical energy consumed for street lighting is a significant concern for developing countries, especially when the lights are on at night during the absence of objects. Also, maintaining the street lighting system is costly, and manually controlling and repairing the lights is unfeasible. Considering the above problems, this paper presents an IoT-based street lighting system that mitigates the above challenges by automating the system. The proposed system will run entirely on solar power systems, which draw clean, pure energy from the sun. As the object gets closer, the lights will become brighter and reduce the brightness as objects travel away. The system also cleans the lights once every week by servo motor. To determine whether the light needs repairing, replacing, or not, an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is used that transmits a report from the location to a central server. The system also can measure air pollutant gases like Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), etc., by using the MQ- 135 sensors and sending the information to the web server for further analysis of air quality. The proposed smart street lighting system is low-cost, faster-response, eco-friendly, and energy-efficient. It aims to reduce active power loss while boosting energy efficiency, monitoring air quality, decreasing the cost of maintaining the street lighting system, and reducing the hard labor cost of controlling the system.  

https://ku.ac.bd/journal/kustudies/article/download/492/791

Self-power driven iot-based smart street lighting system (ssls)

This article presents a methodology to estimate the volume of carbon dioxide CO2, which has not been emitted into the atmosphere by the use of luminaires with a switchable energy system that have been installed in the public lighting system in 2019 in the city of Cuenca - Ecuador. It shows the important results of energy saving in public lighting, the reduction of CO2 emissions and light pollution, because there is no evaluation to see the effectiveness of the use of these systems in Cuenca. To achieve this purpose, the number of luminaires with switchable systems installed in 2019 was established and their level of power reduction was verified in the laboratory, the amount of energy saved, the reduction of light pollution and the volume of CO2 that it has stopped emitting into the atmosphere. Finally, as a consequence of the study, it is established that the use of luminaires with a power variation system is considered a valid technology that contributes to energy savings that reduces CO2 emissions and reduces light pollution without significantly affecting the provision of lighting.

Energy Savings in Public Lighting, Reduction of Light and Atmospheric Pollution in the City of Cuenca-Ecuador

A smart city is the global development vision to integrate multiple information and communication technology (ICT) solutions in a secure and simple way to manage a city's assets. Smart transportation is the basic component in future smart cities. Thus we are concentrating on the street light automation by detection of motion of object. Lighting which is not necessary can be neglected by targeted dimming of area of the city, town, roads or individual luminaries. The main objective of street light automation is to reduce the power consumption occurring due to lightening of street light during night when there is no objective motion on the street. During day time, the lights will be turned off and during night it will be turned on. In street light automation we are using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique to control the light intensity in different condition like day, night, no vehicle condition & vehicle condition. In this paper we are working on street light automation by means of self responsive cars with collision avoidance system.

Bhagyashree Beeraladinni

Papers

Effective street light automation by self responsive cars for smart transportation