Challenges of renewable energy penetration on power system flexibility: A survey

The deep penetration of renewable energy sources is on the cutting edge of smart grid vision. However, the variability and limited predictability of these sources have brought many technical challenges to grids. Many regulatory communities and system operators in the power sector have established grid codes to ensure proper connection of these renewable sources. This paper investigates the up-to-date methods used to enhance power system performance in the presence of a large share of renewable energy generation. In particular, two areas are addressed; the first is the techniques used for improving the wind and photovoltaic low-voltage ride-through capabilities to meet the required grid codes. The second is the contribution of these sources to the small signal stability of the power system in terms of inter-area oscillation damping.

Challenges of integrating renewable energy sources to smart grids: A review

This paper presents a comprehensive survey on application of various conventional, optimization and artificial intelligence (AI) based computational techniques for impact assessment of optimally placed and coordinated control of distributed generations (DGs) and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) controllers in power systems (PSs). This review work is presented from the viewpoint of different performance criterion enhancement of PSs such as minimization of active and reactive power losses and reduction of cost of system, more flexible operation and control, increase overall system energy efficiency, increase reliability of system, relieved transmission and distribution congestion, enhance power quality (PQ) of system, improve the voltage profile (VP), increase the loadability of systems, increase available power transfer capacity (APTC) of system, enhance PS stability, reduce PS oscillations, improve environmental GHG conditions and provide the reactive power support in emergency case such as under fault, sudden change in field excitation of alternators or load increase in PSs. This paper also presents the current status of the various conventional, optimization, and AI computational techniques for optimally placed and coordinated control of DG and FACTS controllers in PSs for enhancement of PSs performance parameters. Authors strongly believe that this survey will be very much useful to the researchers, scientific engineers, industrial persons working in this area to find out the relevant references and current state of the art.

A survey on impact assessment of DG and FACTS controllers in power systems

The electric utility industry is undergoing unprecedented changes in its structure worldwide. With the advent of an open market environment and competition in the industry, and restructuring of the industry into separate generation, transmission, and distribution entities, new issues in power system operation and planning are inevitable. One of the major consequences of this new electric utility environment is the greater emphasis on reliability and secure operation of the power system. This paper examines the impact of restructuring on power system dynamic analysis. It specifically addresses issues related to transient stability analysis and small-signal stability analysis. Four major topics to examine the effect on the nature of studies conducted are considered. These topics are 1) system adequacy and security, 2) system modeling data requirements, 3) system protection and control, and 4) system restoration. The consequences and impact of each of these topics on the nature of the studies conducted are examined and discussed. The emphasis on greater reliability has led to a clearer enunciation of standards, measurements, and guides in some countries. These requirements will result in: 1) more measurements on existing systems. 2) rigorous analysis of transient stability and small-signal stability to determine operating limits and plan systems, 3) greater emphasis on studies to verify coordination and proper performance of protection and controls, and 4) development of a detailed plan for system restoration in the case of wide-spread outages.

Consequence and impact of electric utility industry restructuring on transient stability and small-signal stability analysis : The technology of power system competition

This paper deals with the modeling and small-signal stability analysis of a dc-distribution electrical power system (EPS) sourced by a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The topology employed here is one of the main candidates for future more electric aircraft (MEA). A detailed mathematical model is developed and comprehensive EPS modal analysis is performed. Eigenvalue sensitivity and participation factor are utilized to assess the effect of machine and control parameters, as well as system operating conditions, on EPS stability. Furthermore, this paper also presents comparative analysis of system models with and without the inclusion of system cabling. This crucial analysis shows that the tendencies in stability behavior can be significantly different with and without cabling. It is, therefore, shown that system simplification, by removal of cabling, can deliver remarkably misleading results. Time domain simulations are carried out to support the theoretical analysis. The comprehensive analysis presented in this paper provides EPS designers with an extremely useful methodology for the selection of appropriate EPS parameters at the early design stages.

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Modal Analysis of a PMSG-Based DC Electrical Power System in the More Electric Aircraft Using Eigenvalues Sensitivity

Small signal stability analysis of power systems with DFIG based wind power penetration

Small signal stability enhancement of DFIG based wind power system using optimized controllers parameters

Review on asset management of power transformer by diagnosing incipient faults and faults identification using various testing methodologies

This paper derives all necessary equations which require for modeling of PMSG The generator model is established in the dq-synchronous rotating reference frame A MATLAB/Simulink simulation has been developed using 85 KW permanent magnet synchronous generator In this paper maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for variable speed wind turbine is proposed Maximum power which a wind turbine can deliver at a certain wind speed depends upon certain optimum value of speed at which the shaft rotates Only at optimum speed we can have efficient use of equipment and available energy source In order to control a wind turbine with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), a set of full-scale back-to-back voltage converter is used The back-to-back converters are connected through a DC-link capacitor The capacitor decouples the two converters, allowing separate controls being applied to each converter for simplicity The control systems are separated into generator-side controller and grid-side controller In this arrangement, the generator-side converter controls the operation of the generator and the network-side converter controls the DC link voltage by exporting active power to the network

Modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator

Wind turbine generator has been popular in the area of renewable energy source. Wind Turbine generator has shown the biggest growth in the past 10 years compared to other renewable sources. Direct drive generator using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) is used now a days as variable speed wind turbine generator. PMSG is suitable for the application due to its high efficiency, high torque-to size ratio, and low maintenance requirement. This paper derives all necessary equations which require for modeling of PMSG. The generator model is established in the dq-synchronous rotating reference frame. In this Paper MATLAB/Simulink simulation has been developed using 6 KW permanent magnet synchronous Generator. In order to verify the presented model simulations with MATLAB/Simulink software have been conducted. Simulation results prove the validity of the model.

Bhinal Mehta

Papers

Small signal stability analysis of power systems with DFIG based wind power penetration

Small signal stability enhancement of DFIG based wind power system using optimized controllers parameters

Review on asset management of power transformer by diagnosing incipient faults and faults identification using various testing methodologies

Modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator

Modeling and simulation of variable speed wind turbine with direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator