1 National Environmental Policy Act and Its Implementation2 Planning and Management of Impact Studies3 Simple Methods for Impact Identification Matrices, Networks and Checklists4 Description of Environmental Setting5 Environmental Indices and Indicators for Describing the Affected Environment6 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Air Environment7 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Surface Water Environment8 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Soil and Ground Water Environment9 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Noise Environment10 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Biological Environment11 Habitat Methods for Biological Impact Prediction and Assessment12 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Cultural (Historical/Archaeological) Environment13 Prediction and Assessment of Visual Impacts14 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts on the Socioeconomic Environment15 Decision Methods for Evaluation of Alternatives16 Public Participation in Environmental Decision Making17 Environmental MonitoringAppendixes

Environmental Impact Assessment

Geographic information systems (GIS) provide a digital representation of watershed characteristics used in hydrologic modeling. This paper summarizes past efforts and current trends in using digital terrain models and GIS to perform hydrologic analyses. Three methods of geographic information storage are discussed: raster or grid, triangulated irregular network, and contour-based line networks. The computational, geographic, and hydrologic aspects of each data-storage method are analyzed. The use of remotely sensed data in GIS and hydrologic modeling is reviewed. Lumped parameter, physics-based, and hybrid approaches to hydrologic modeling are discussed with respect to their geographic data inputs. Finally, several applications areas (e.g., floodplain hydrology, and erosion prediction) for GIS hydrology are described.

Review of GIS Applications in Hydrologic Modeling

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07349165.1982.9725447

Environmental impact assessment

: The Flood Damage Analysis (FDA) Package enables a variety of flood damage computations to be performed using linked hydrologic engineering and flood damage computer programs. A data storage system links the programs and allows the almost automatic transfer of data from one program to another. This package has existed for several years on mainframe computers. Recently, it has been adapted to MS-DOS microcomputers.

https://www.hec.usace.army.mil/publications/TechnicalPapers/TP-125.pdf

An Integrated Software Package for Flood Damage Analysis

: Spatial-data management techniques allow convenient, cost-effective representation of the spatially-varying data that are necessary for effective water and related-land resources planning. Application of the techniques began in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the early 1970's as an experiment. Since then, the techniques have been used for regional planning studies, major flood-control studies, and limited-scope investigations. The HEC-SAM software, developed and supported by the staff of the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC), has made practical these applications. Keywords: Geographic information systems; Data bases.

Application of Spatial-Data Management Techniques in Corps Planning.

: Spatial Data Management techniques are rapidly becoming practical tools for use by Corps of Engineers field offices in a variety of their responsibilities. Various aspects of these techniques have been applied in traditional Survey and Phase I General Design Memorandum Studies and on a large scale in the Expanded Flood Plain Information (XFPI) studies of the Corp's Flood Plain Management Services program. The use of grid data, e.g., spatial data stored in computer files in a specific grid cell format, has been determined to be the only spatial data management technique that offers significant analytical opportunities when compared to polygon oriented approaches. The grid structure successfully used in applications to date have included square, rectangular, and triangular cells, the latter being an emerging method with particular potential in the Management of terrain (topographic) data. This manual is intended to be initial documentation of the basic procedures that are necessary for the successful creation of a grid cell data bank. The manual was prepared primarily to aid the XFPI pilot studies in which gridded data banks are being created as a major focal point of the studies. However, anyone interested in spatial data management should find that the manual contains valuable information.

Bill Hodson

Papers

Guide Manual for the Creation of Grid Cell Data Banks