Context: A mosquito-borne viral illness highly prevalent in the tropics and subtropics, dengue is considered a major global health threat by the World Health Organization. Evidence Acquisitions: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Google Scholar, PubMed (NLM), LISTA (EBSCO) and Web of Science have been searched. Results: An RNA virus from the genus Flavivirus, dengue virus is transmitted by Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito. Dengue is asymptomatic in as many as one half of infected individuals. Dengue fever is an acute febrile illness accompanied by constitutional symptoms. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome are the severe forms of dengue infection. Dengue infection has been associated with a variety of renal disorders. Acute renal failure is a potential complication of severe dengue infection and is typically associated with hypotension, rhabdomyolysis, or hemolysis. Acute renal failure complicates severe dengue infection in 2-5% of the cases and carries a high mortality rate. Proteinuria has been detected in as high as 74% of patients with severe dengue infection. Hematuria has been reported in up to 12.5% of patients. Various types of glomerulonephritis have been reported during or shortly after dengue infection in humans and mouse models of dengue infection. Mesangial proliferation and immune complex deposition are the dominant histologic features of dengue-associated glomerulonephritis. On a rare occasion, dengue infection is associated with systemic autoimmune disorders involving the kidneys. Conclusions: In the vast majority of cases, dengue infection and associated renal disorders are self-limited. Short-Review

Dengue-associated kidney disease.

Outcome of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever–Caused Acute Kidney Injury in Thai Children

Dengue fever (DF) is currently the most important human viral mosquito-borne infection of public health significance, with millions of infections each year. The main dengue vector is the female of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DEN-1–DEN-4), a RNA flavivirus. They are antigenically closely related, but whereas infection with one serotype produces lifelong immunity to that serotype, immunity to other serotypes lasts only a few months [1,2]. Approximately half the world’s population lives in areas potentially at risk for dengue and 50–100 million cases are estimated to occur annually [1,3]. Brazil is the leading American country in absolute number of cases and has the highest incidence rate of the disease in this geographic area [4]. The epidemiology of dengue in Brazil comprised two distinct periods. In the first (1986–1993), epidemic waves occurred in localized areas. In the second (1994–2002), there was a nationwide epidemic and endemic virus circulation. In this period, a total of 2 826 948 cases of dengue were reported, giving an incidence of 454/100 000 inhabitants. The number of infested municipalities increased from 44.5% in 1996 to 58.3% in 2002 [5]. Dengue virus infection may manifest clinically as undifferentiated fever, dengue fever (DF), dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS) [3]. Renal injury comprising creatinine increase, proteinuria, glomerulonephritis, acute kidney injury (AKI) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome has been reported in dengue patients [6–22]. To date, all DHF-induced AKI described cases have occurred in association with shock, haemolysis or rhabdomyolysis [11,12,14,15]. We describe, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, a case of DHF-induced AKI, where the renal injury occurred without haemodynamic instability, haemolysis, rhabdomyolysis or use of nephrotoxic drugs.

/pdf/dengue-haemorrhagic-fever-induced-acute-kidney-injury-vgbvjwjiwv.pdf

Dengue haemorrhagic fever-induced acute kidney injury without hypotension, haemolysis or rhabdomyolysis

Dengue is presently the most relevant viral infection transmitted by a mosquito bite that represents a major threat to public health worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and potentially lethal complication of this disease, and the actual incidence is unknown. In this review, we will assess the most relevant epidemiological and clinical data regarding dengue and the available evidence on the frequency, etiopathogenesis, outcomes and treatment of dengue-associated AKI.

/pdf/dengue-associated-acute-kidney-injury-3y59zonmmn.pdf

Dengue-associated acute kidney injury

http://medlib.yu.ac.kr/eur_j_oph/sem_nephrol/sem_n_pdf/SemNep_28_4_409.pdf

Boompucknavig S

Papers

Renal involvement and reticulo-endothelial-system clearance in dengue hemorrhagic fever.