A review on the susceptor assisted microwave processing of materials

Li3V2(PO4)3/C (LVP/C) coated with various amounts of SiO2 has been synthesized, and the effect of surface modification by SiO2 on the performance of LVP has been systematically investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetic susceptibility, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Based on the analysis of XRD, XPS, and TEM, it is confirmed that SiO2 coating on the surface of LVP particles does not change the monoclinic structure of LVP. The XAS, XPS, and magnetic susceptibility results indicate that the valence of V in both the pristine and SiO2-coated LVP are close to +3. Furthermore, our results reveal that the electrochemical performance of LVP/C can be significantly improved by the SiO2 coating, which is due to the enhanced structural stability and reduced charge-transfer resistance.

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Significantly Improved Electrochemical Performance in Li3V2(PO4)3/C Promoted by SiO2 Coating for Lithium-Ion Batteries

A promising cathode for Li-ion batteries: Li3V2(PO4)3

A new, efficient, palladium- and chromium-free process for the electroless plating of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymers has been developed. The process is based on the ion-exchange properties of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chemically grafted onto ABS via a simple and one-step method that prevents using classical surface conditioning. Hence, ABS electroless plating can be obtained in three steps, namely: (i) the grafting of PAA onto ABS, (ii) the copper Cu0 seeding of the ABS surface, and (iii) the nickel or copper metallization using commercial-like electroless plating bath. IR, XPS, and SEM were used to characterize each step of the process, and the Cu loading was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy. This process successfully compares with the commercial one based on chromic acid etching and palladium-based seed layer, because the final metallic layer showed excellent adhesion with the ABS substrate.

ABS Polymer Electroless Plating through a One-Step Poly(acrylic acid) Covalent Grafting

To improve the intrinsic electronic conductivity and Na ion mobility of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF), Y(yttrium) atoms are introduced into the NVPF/C complex as a partial substitute for V(vanadium) through a sol–gel method. The effects of Y substitution on the crystal structure, morphology, electrochemical performance and kinetic properties of NVPF were investigated. Based on the battery performance comparison of the Na3V2−xYx(PO4)3/C (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2) samples, Na3V1.9Y0.1(PO4)3/C showed the best electrochemical performance and cycling stability. At a low rate of 0.5C, the 5 mol% Y-doped sample delivered a discharge capacity of 121.3 mA h g−1, which was very close to the theoretical specific capacity. And even at a high rate of 50C, the discharge capacity achieved was higher than 80 mA h g−1. After 200 cycles, the capacity retention of Na3V1.9Y0.1(PO4)3/C could still remain as high as 93.46% at 1C. From the morphology determination and analysis of kinetic properties, it was confirmed that the excellent electrochemical performance of Na3V1.9Y0.1(PO4)3/C was mainly due to the enhanced intrinsic electronic conductivity and Na ion mobility caused by introducing a moderate amount of Y to replace the V sites in the NVPF crystal structure. In order to get a better understanding of the relationship between the kinetic properties and the electrochemical performance in a sodium ion battery, a mass and electron transfer process model has been proposed for the first time in the present research.

Boquan Jiang

Papers

Optimization and kinetics of electroless Ni–P–B plating of quartz optical fiber

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of La-doped Li3V2−xLax(PO4)3 cathode materials for lithium batteries