A translation apparatus is provided which comprises: an inputting section for inputting a source document in a natural language; a layout analyzing section for analyzing layout information including cascade information, itemization information, numbered itemization information, labeled itemization information and separator line information in the source document inputted by the inputting section and specifying a translation range on the basis of the layout information; a translation processing section for translating a source document text in the specified translation range into a second language; and an outputting section for outputting a translated text provided by the translation processing section.

Automated Planning: Theory and Practice.

Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that you are reading. And now, we will concern you to try reading annual review of information science and technology as one of the reading material to finish quickly.

Annual Review of Information Science and Technology

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the definition of digital transformation (DT) and to introduce a structured approach with phases, activities and results. Our research is based on a literature review which provides insight into the basic understanding of DT. Examples complete the research and show the practical application of DT. The main findings are that although DT is a widely known concept, an approach for the structured DT of business models is missing. The paper offers a clear definition of the DT of business models and phases for the DT of business models. Moreover, the paper offers examples of enablers and DT.

Digital Transformation of Business Models — Best Practice, Enablers, and Roadmap

Machine learning driven smart electric power systems: Current trends and new perspectives

The smart grid (SG) paradigm is the next technological leap of the conventional electrical grid, contributing to the protection of the physical environment and providing multiple advantages such as increased reliability, better service quality, and the efficient utilization of the existing infrastructure and the renewable energy resources. However, despite the fact that it brings beneficial environmental, economic, and social changes, the existence of such a system possesses important security and privacy challenges, since it includes a combination of heterogeneous, co-existing smart, and legacy technologies. Based on the rapid evolution of the cyber-physical systems (CPS), both academia and industry have developed appropriate measures for enhancing the security surface of the SG paradigm using, for example, integrating efficient, lightweight encryption and authorization mechanisms. Nevertheless, these mechanisms may not prevent various security threats, such as denial of service (DoS) attacks that target on the availability of the underlying systems. An efficient countermeasure against several cyberattacks is the intrusion detection and prevention system (IDPS). In this paper, we examine the contribution of the IDPSs in the SG paradigm, providing an analysis of 37 cases. More detailed, these systems can be considered as a secondary defense mechanism, which enhances the cryptographic processes, by timely detecting or/and preventing potential security violations. For instance, if a cyberattack bypasses the essential encryption and authorization mechanisms, then the IDPS systems can act as a secondary protection service, informing the system operator for the presence of the specific attack or enabling appropriate preventive countermeasures. The cases we study focused on the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, substations, and synchrophasors. Based on our comparative analysis, the limitations and the shortcomings of the current IDPS systems are identified, whereas appropriate recommendations are provided for future research efforts.

/pdf/securing-the-smart-grid-a-comprehensive-compilation-of-462if2wjy3.pdf

Securing the Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Compilation of Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

https://vbn.aau.dk/files/242241607/COSE_1018_final.pdf

A nifty collaborative intrusion detection and prevention architecture for Smart Grid ecosystems

This paper presents an overview of S2AEA (v2) (Strategic Alignment Assessment based on Enterprise Architecture (version2)), a platform for modelling enterprise architecture and for assessing strategic alignment based on internal enterprise architecture metrics. The idea of the platform is based on the fact that enterprise architecture provides a structure for business processes and information systems that supports them. This structure can be used to measure the degree of consistency between business strategies and information systems. In that sense, this paper presents a platform illustrating the role of enterprise architecture in the strategic alignment assessment. This assessment can be used in auditing information systems. The platform is applied to assess an e-government process.

/pdf/platform-for-assessing-strategic-alignment-using-enterprise-2kqxwk184t.pdf

Platform for Assessing Strategic Alignment Using Enterprise Architecture: Application to E-Government Process Assessment

Delivering added value public e-services often requires cooperation between two or more government departments In general, such cooperation is ensured by implementing interoperability between automated business processes In spite of the existence of several works interested in public online services in general, only few of them were focused on measuring interoperability degree, whether used or required, to deliver them In this context, the objective of this paper is to propose a new quality indicator for interoperability assessment of public integrated e-services This indicator takes into account three main aspects: interoperation potentiality, interoperation compatibility and operational performance Finally, to better illustrate how to use the proposed measurement method, we present a practical example of integrated public e-service This work takes the case of a national library which proposes an online registration service

http://ijism.ricest.ac.ir/index.php/ijism/article/download/64/65

Integrated Public E-Services Interoperability Assessment

A Reactive system is one that is in continual interaction with its environment, and executes at a pace determined by that environment Examples of such systems are network protocols, industrial-process control systems etc The use of rigorous formal method in specification and validation, can help designers to limit the introduction of potentially faulty components during the construction of the system

Due to their complex nature, reactive systems are extremely difficult to specify and validate In this paper, we propose a new formal model for the specification and the validation of such systems This approach considers a Reactive System as a Reactive Multi-Agent System consisting of concurrent reactive agents that cooperate with each other to achieve the desired functionality In addition, this approach uses formal synchronous specification and verification tools in order to specify and to verify the systems behaviors Finally an example of an application of the approach is mentioned

Designing Multi-Agent Reactive Systems: A Specification Method Based on Reactive Decisional Agents

To take advantage of information technologies, organizations need to define a clear strategy. Numerous works have provided definitions and phases of digital strategies. Some of these strategies are context-specific, while others deal with the common elements of digital strategies regardless of the digital transformation context. However, these works do not address a holistic approach. This raises ambiguity regarding digital strategy definitions and approaches. To eliminate this ambiguity, the current research tries to take advantage of existing digital strategies to propose a general digital strategy definition and build a general digital transformation approach. This work analyses various digital transformation strategies, to extract and classify their common elements in order to build a general approach that frame and drive the formulation of digital transformation strategies. To define such a general approach, the current paper analyses the effects of IT Governance and Management Strategy on the Digital Transformation Maturity. This analysis identified how IT Governance and Management Strategy can contribute to formulating a digital transformation strategy. Partial Least Square (PLS) was adopted in this research to develop an empirical evaluation for the case of 30 digital strategies and frameworks. Based on this empirical study several results have been presented in this work, namely: determination of a digital strategy definition and identification of a digital strategy approach. The proposed approach is composed of the following building blocks: Strategic Awareness, Business Strategic Planning, IT Organizational Structure, Steering committee, IT Prioritization Process, IT Investment Decisions, IT Strategic Planning, IT Budgeting, IT Reporting, IT Reaction Capacity and Management Strategy.

Bouchaib Bounabat

Papers

A nifty collaborative intrusion detection and prevention architecture for Smart Grid ecosystems

Platform for Assessing Strategic Alignment Using Enterprise Architecture: Application to E-Government Process Assessment

Integrated Public E-Services Interoperability Assessment

Designing Multi-Agent Reactive Systems: A Specification Method Based on Reactive Decisional Agents

General Approach for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy