[서평]「Component Software」 - Beyond Object-Oriented Programming -

User modeling and user adapted interaction

In order to address challenges posed by different users conducting their interactive tasks on heterogeneous platforms and devices in various environments, this paper provides a computational framework to support the adaptation of the user interface of interactive systems. This framework consists of: a meta-model for understanding fundamental concepts required by adaptation, a reference framework for characterizing seven dimensions for conducting adaptation based on the meta-model, and a design space for consistently assessing the adaptation coverage. In this way, development phases are considered with a standard approach, a unified terminology, and an extensive catalog of techniques.

A computational framework for context-aware adaptation of user interfaces

Barrett食管一例报告

Although the Internet has received significant attention in recent years, voice is still the most convenient and natural way of communicating between human to human or human to computer. In voice applications, users may have different needs which will require the ability of the system to reason, make decisions, be flexible and adapt to requests during interaction. These needs have placed new requirements in voice application development such as use of advanced models, techniques and methodologies which take into account the needs of different users and environments. The ability of a system to behave close to human reasoning is often mentioned as one of the major requirements for the development of voice applications. In this paper, we present a framework for an intelligent voice-enabled e-Education application and an adaptation of the framework for the development of a prototype Course Registration and Examination (CourseRegExamOnline) module. This study is a preliminary report of an ongoing e-Education project containing the following modules: enrollment, course registration and examination, enquiries/information, messaging/collaboration, e-Learning and library. The CourseRegExamOnline module was developed using VoiceXML for the voice user interface(VUI), PHP for the web user interface (WUI), Apache as the middle-ware and MySQL database as back-end. The system would offer dual access modes using the VUI and WUI. The framework would serve as a reference model for developing voice-based eEducation applications. The e-Education system when fully developed would meet the needs of students who are normal users and those with certain forms of disabilities such as visual impairment, repetitive strain injury (RSI), etc, that make reading and writing difficult.

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A Framework for Intelligent Voice-Enabled E-Education Systems

The Web and enterprise information systems are gradually increasing their reach to a wide range of mobile devices. Although analysts hope for a breakthrough in the popularity of mobile solutions, field studies show that, except for Japan and South Korea, there is still a large gap between the technical capabilities of wireless devices/networks and the adoption of mobile services for business and private use. This paradox can be attributed to a high extent to low quality of existing mobile solutions and to their insufficient usability, represented particularly by two attributes: simplicity of use and content relevance. Additionally, network providers are afraid that mobile Internet could cannibalize their revenues from SMS and entertainment services and do not want to cooperate with service providers to improve the quality of services offered. Wireless applications depend on device-specific features such as input/output mechanisms, screen sizes, computing resources, and support for various multimedia formats and languages. This leads to the need for multi-source authoring the creation of separate presentations for each device type or, at least, for each class of devices. Multi-source authoring is not a cost-efficient and feasible solution, especially for mobile services consisting of numerous pages. Therefore, various single-source or device-independent techniques that try to tackle the dream of software developers for automatic content generation emerged. These techniques perform the adaptation to the characteristics of mobile devices on the clientor server-side or with the help of some intermediary, the so-called proxy. The high complexity of most adaptation frameworks, missing support for the design and development of mobile content, or the lack of non-proprietary solutions often lead to the rejection of offered adaptation methods. This thesis describes the current state of the art in the area of adaptation techniques and proposes two new approaches for device-independent content delivery that are based on open-source technologies: the Mobile Interfaces Tag Library (MITL) framework and the Mobile Web Services Adaptation (MoWeSA) framework. The first framework is based on Mobile Interfaces Tag Library (MITL), in the second one Web Services Tag Library (WSTL) was introduced. MITL enables dynamic generation of content from existing Web pages, databases, or any other information sources. WSTL aims at the communication with Web Services. In both frameworks the development process is supported by an advanced Integrated Development Environment. Mobile services can be accessed from PCs, mobile phones or PDAs, and can be developed as browser-based or stand-alone applications. The MITL and MoWeSA frameworks currently support content delivery in the most popular formats (HTML, XHTML, WML, and Java ME) but are easily extensible to additional markup languages or standards. Tests conducted among end-user programmers confirmed that the proposed solutions are easy to learn and apply. The frameworks support the separation of tasks between page designers responsible for content presentation and programmers who modify business logic encapsulated in reusable components.

Bozena Jankowska

Papers

Architectural frameworks for automated content adaptation to mobile devices based on open-source technologies.