. This paper presents evidence to show that previous seemingly conflicting reports of the differential agglutinability of bovine red cells are in fact only different interpretations of the same character. The variation in agglutinability of ox red cells is shown to be consistent in anti-globulin systems using several species of sensitising and anti-globulin antisera. The type of agglutinability is inherited and controlled by genes at one locus Agg. High agglutinability Agg I is recessive to low Agg L. The frequencies of Agg I and Agg L in some British breeds have been studied.

Ox Erythrocyte Agglutinability

Summary

An electrophoretic survey of 13 enzymes corresponding to 19 loci has been carried out in Belgian Landrace and Pietrain pig breeds Four of these enzymes have been shown to exhibit electrophoretically detectable polymorphism The average heterozygosity per locus was found to be 0066 in the Belgian Landrace and 0028 in the Pietrain pigs

Allozymic variation as an estimate of heterozygosity in Belgian pig breeds

Cell membrane antigens serve as recognition codes for normal cell functions (substrate transport, cell-cell interaction, etc.). Changes in antigen-function activity are associated with ontogeny and speciation. Some prenatal antigenic configurations are postulated to provide host protection during early development.

Immunogenetic ontogeny of cellular membrane function: a review.

. The bovine blood group F, FV, and V phenotypic classes were found to differ greatly in amounts of red cell neuraminic acid, ghost material per ml packed red cells, phenol-extracted mucoid per ml red cells, and pronase-released mucoprotein per ml red cells. In all of these characteristics, F values were highest, FV intermediate, and V lowest. Phaseolus vulgaris nonagglutinators also had higher values for red cell neuraminic acid, ghost quantity per ml red cells, and phenol-extracted mucoid quantity per ml red cells than agglutinators. At least three, and possibly four, groups of animals with respect to neuraminic acid values were observed. Phenol-extracted mucoids from red cells of different FV phenotypes were nearly identical in carbohydrate composition, although mucoids from F cells may contain more glucose than those from FV or V. The F antigen was seen to be associated with a higher red cell N-acetyl neuraminic acid/total neuraminic acid ratio than the V antigen.

Bovine Erythrocyte Membrane Composition: Association with the FY and other Glycoprotein Systems

https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1016/0014-5793%2875%2980923-9

Neuraminidase sensitive antigenic determinants of plasma cell tumor membrane glycoproteins.

Summary. A subunit of the bovine erythrocyte membrane which resulted from ether and alkali extraction of stroma was found to retain possibly all of the blood group factors of the intact red blood cells. Factors in the A, B, C, F, L, S and Z systems were detected. Papain degradation of this elinin preparation resulted in loss of all detectable factors except F, V and C when they were present in the source material. The F and V properties were clearly separated from each other. The F property remained with the insoluble residue while the V was found in soluble form in the reaction supernatant. The V factor could also be released from stroma by similar papain treatment. The F factor was destroyed by treatment with neuraminidase while no other factor was found to be affected. There was evidence that more sialic acid could be released by neuraminidase or by acid hydrolysis from F-positive than from F-negative erythrocyte stroma.

C. L. Hatheway

Papers

Separation and differential enzymic inactivation of the F and V isoantigens of the bovine erythrocyte.