Nuclear forces can be systematically derived using effective chiral Lagrangians consistent with the symmetries of QCD. I review the status of the calculations for two- and three-nucleon forces and their applications in few-nucleon systems. I also address issues like the quark mass dependence of the nuclear forces and resonance saturation for four-nucleon operators.

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Modern theory of nuclear forces

The Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model: Its implications for Hadrons and Nuclei☆

A pedagogical overview of intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) phenomena in vibrationally excited molecules is presented. In the interest of focus and simplicity, the topics covered deal primarily with IVR in the ground electronic state, relying on examples from the literature to illustrate key points. The experimental topics discussed attempt to sample systematically three different energy regimes on the full potential surface corresponding to (i) “low”, e.g., moderate- to high-resolution vibrational spectroscopies, (ii) “intermediate”, e.g., stimulated emission pumping and high overtone spectroscopies, and (iii) “high”, e.g., photofragment/predissociation dynamical spectroscopies. The interplay between experiment and theory is highlighted here because it has facilitated enormous advances in the field over the past decade.

Vibrational Energy Flow in Highly Excited Molecules: Role of Intramolecular Vibrational Redistribution

Composite-technicolor standard model

Intramolecular vibrational redistribution is a fundamental phenomenon observed in polyatomic molecules when sufficiently excited vibrationally. In this paper, results mostly from the last two decades of research on this subject are summarized, obtained either from infrared spectroscopy with a resolution of as high as cm or, in a different approach, by using various pump-probe schemes with a temporal resolution from dozens of picoseconds to subpicoseconds.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3367/UFNe.0182.201210e.1047/pdf

Intramolecular vibrational redistribution: from high-resolution spectra to real-time dynamics

Individual rotation‐vibration levels of the formaldehyde X 1A1 state with 7400<Evib<8600 cm−1 have been examined by the stimulated emission pumping (SEP) technique. At low values of the rotational quantum number (J≤3), the SEP spectra were simple. The only vibrational levels which appeared in the spectra were those expected either to have large Franck–Condon overlap with the A 41 level or to have appreciable Fermi resonance with a nearby Franck–Condon allowed level. At higher J and Ka values, the spectra rapidly became more complex and the observed level densities at J≊10, Ka≊2 were several times larger than the known total density of vibrational levels. This increase in the density of spectrally accessible vibrational levels was a result of rotation‐induced mixing of the anharmonic vibrational basis functions (Coriolis coupling) which compromised the ‘‘goodness’’ of both vibrational and Ka quantum numbers. Coriolis matrix elements computed in a harmonic normal mode basis set qualitatively confirmed the...

Rotation‐induced vibrational mixing in X̃ 1A1 formaldehyde: Non−negligible dynamical consequences of rotation

Open-charm systems in cold nuclear matter

Self-consistent propagation of hyperons and antikaons in nuclear matter based on relativistic chiral SU(3) dynamics

We evaluate the antikaon spectral density in isospin symmetric nuclear matter. The in-medium antikaon-nucleon scattering process and the antikaon propagation is treated in a self consistent and relativistic manner where a maximally scheme-independent formulation is derived by performing a partial density resummation in terms of the free-space antikaon-nucleon scattering amplitudes. The latter amplitudes are taken from a covariant and chiral coupled-channel SU(3) approach which includes s-, p- and d-waves systematically. Particular care is taken on the proper evaluation of the in-medium mixing of the partial waves. Our analysis establishes a rich structure of the antikaon spectral function with considerable strength at small energies. At nuclear saturation density we predict attractive mass shifts for the $\Lambda(1405)$, $\Sigma (1385)$ and $\Lambda(1520)$ of about 60 MeV, 60 MeV and 100 MeV respectively. The hyperon states are found to exhibit at the same time an increased decay width of about 120 MeV for the s-wave $\Lambda(1405)$, 70 MeV for the p-wave $\Sigma (1385)$ and 90 MeV for the d-wave $\Lambda(1520)$ resonance.

C. L. Korpa

Papers

Rotation‐induced vibrational mixing in X̃ 1A1 formaldehyde: Non−negligible dynamical consequences of rotation

Open-charm systems in cold nuclear matter

Self-consistent propagation of hyperons and antikaons in nuclear matter based on relativistic chiral SU(3) dynamics

Self consistent propagation of hyperons and antikaons in nuclear matter based on relativistic chiral SU(3) dynamics

Antikaons and hyperons in nuclear matter with saturation