Recent developments in cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

Enhanced reversible divalent zinc storage in a structurally stable α-MnO2 nanorod electrode

Elastic, electronic and optical properties of ZnS, ZnSe and ZnTe under pressure

Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) has played important roles in lithium-ion batteries due to its unique crystalline structure. To assist researchers understanding the roles this material plays, a comprehensive and critical review is conducted based on about 250 publications. Here, we report basics and applications of micro- and nano-materials of V2O5 and V2O5-based composites. The comparative and statistical analysis leads to the discovery of several interesting phenomena. The V2O5 electrodes with two lithium ions have a favorable capacity performance with reversible phase formation. The excellent capacity retention is displayed in the V2O5 electrodes with one lithium ion inserted. In the case of three lithium ions insertion, it was found that the irreversible formation of the phase ω in LixV2O5 leads to its control. In addition, effects of additives on electrode performance, circuitry models of performance, as well as reaction routes are studied. Two unprecedented concepts of the “high capacity band” and “empirical total capacity retention” are proposed though the comprehensive statistical analysis of the reviewed data. This review provides a comprehensive collection of information of state-of-the-art and recent advancement in V2O5 and V2O5-based composite materials for electrodes. Researchers could use the information to design and develop advanced electrodes for future batteries.

Micro‐ and Nano‐Structured Vanadium Pentoxide (V2O5) for Electrodes of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

In this paper, the performances of various lithium-ion chemistries for use in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have been investigated and compared to several other rechargeable energy storage systems technologies such as lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and electrical-double layer capacitors. The analysis has shown the beneficial properties of lithium-ion in the terms of energy density, power density and rate capabilities. Particularly, the nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode stands out with the high energy density up to 160 Wh/kg, compared to 70-110, 90 and 71 Wh/kg for lithium iron phosphate cathode, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum cathode and, lithium titanate oxide anode battery cells, respectively. These values are considerably higher than the lead-acid (23-28 Wh/kg) and nickel-metal hydride (44-53 Wh/kg) battery technologies. The dynamic discharge performance test shows that the energy efficiency of the lithium-ion batteries is significantly higher than the lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride technologies. The efficiency varies between 86% and 98%, with the best values obtained by pouch battery cells, ahead of cylindrical and prismatic battery design concepts. Also the power capacity of lithium-ion technology is superior compared to other technologies. The power density is in the range of 300-2400 W/kg against 200-400 and 90-120 W/kg for lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride, respectively. However, considering the influence of energy efficiency, the power density is in the range of 100-1150 W/kg. Lithium-ion batteries optimized for high energy are at the

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/5/8/2952/pdf

Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Assessment of Electrical Characteristics

The ground state and the bonding properties of the hypothetical cubic zinc-blende-like GeC and SnC compounds

An ab initio LAPW study of the α and β phases of bulk molybdenum trioxide, MoO3

Predictions of the bonding properties inCd1 − xZnxTe

We investigated the pressure dependence of the excitation energies of the ternary CdXP2 (with X=Si, Ge and Sn) pnictide semiconductors in the chalcopyrite structure. Using a new full potential augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method, we have studied the effect of high pressure on the band structure and on the optical properties. We show that the pseudodirect band gap of CdSiP2 narrows with increasing pressure and the direct band gap of CdGeP2 changes to a pseudo-direct band gap. Furthermore, we find that the magnitude of the pressure coefficients for this series of materials changes from the pseudodirect to a direct band gap.

C. Mathieu

Papers

The ground state and the bonding properties of the hypothetical cubic zinc-blende-like GeC and SnC compounds

An ab initio LAPW study of the α and β phases of bulk molybdenum trioxide, MoO3

Predictions of the bonding properties inCd1 − xZnxTe

Electronic structure and optical properties of ternary CdXP2 semiconductors (X=Si, Ge and Sn) under pressure

Effect of Al-doping on lithium nickel oxides