Showing papers by "Calle Bengtsson published in 1991"

Low sex-hormone-binding globulin concentration as independent risk factor for development of NIDDM. 12-yr follow-up of population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Abstract: Serum sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) concentrations were evaluated as risk factors for the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), myocardial infarction, stroke, and premature death in a prospective study of 1462 randomly selected women, aged 38-60 yr, over 12 yr of observation. In multivariate analysis, taking only age into consideration as a confounding factor, low initial concentration of SHBG was significantly correlated to the incidence of NIDDM and stroke, and high initial concentration of CBG was correlated to the incidence of NIDDM. There were also significant correlations between SHBG and CBG concentrations on one hand and possible risk factors for the end points studied, such as serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, body mass, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, smoking habits, and systolic blood pressure, on the other. When these possible confounders, in addition to age, were taken into consideration in multivariate analyses, only the inverse significant correlation between SHBG and NIDDM remained. The increased incidence of diabetes was confined to the lowest quintile of SHBG values, where it was 5-fold higher than in the remaining group. This incidence was further increased to 8- and 11-fold in the lowest 10 and 5% of the values, respectively. We conclude that SHBG is a uniquely strong independent risk factor for the development of NIDDM in women.

Bone mineral content in relation to lactation history in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Abstract: Bone mineral content in the lumbar spine was studied in relation to lactation history and number of liver births in 126 pre- and postmenopausal Swedish women. Total number of months of breastfeeding was significantly associated with low bone mineral content, and the strength of the association was greatly enhanced by statistical adjustment for monopausal status and body weight. Women with higher parity also had lower bone mineral content, but this observation could be attributed to more breastfeeding among that group.

Thyroid disease in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women: thyroid-related hormones, thyroid dysfunction and goitre in relation to age and smoking.

Abstract: The prevalence of thyroid disease and the concentration of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin were studied in a random population sample of 1154 women, aged 50-72 years, with special reference to the effect of age and smoking. The prevalence of spontaneous hypothyroidism was 3.3% (previously unknown overt and mild disease 1.3%) and the prevalence of hyperthyroidism was 2.5% (previously unknown disease 0.2%). Clinically suspected hyper- or hypothyroidism (very weak to strong) was recorded in 288 women, but was only verified in three cases. The prevalence of visible and palpable thyroid enlargement was 2.1% and 13-14%, respectively. Total thyroxine concentrations increased and free tri-iodothyronine levels decreased significantly with age (P less than 0.001). The serum thyrotropin concentrations were lower in smoking women than in non-smokers in the 50- and 58-year age groups (P less than 0.05). There was no increase in the prevalence of thyroid disease or goitre in the women who were smokers at the time of the study.

How well do nurse-run telephone consultations and consultations in the surgery agree? Experience in Swedish primary health care.

Abstract: The telephone consultation service is an important part of Swedish primary health care. However, few studies have compared telephone consultations managed by nurses with surgery consultations managed by both doctors and nurses in terms of information obtained from the patient regarding his or her symptoms, and the management decisions made. In this study, the information obtained from a patient during a telephone consultation with a health centre nurse and the management decisions made, were compared with those obtained at a subsequent surgery consultation with the same nurse, and then with a doctor. Of 200 telephone consultations at a health centre (50 in each of the following four categories as defined by the management decision of the nurse: acute case, semi-acute case, referral case and self-care case), 193 patients were included in the study. The information given to the nurse during the telephone consultation was recorded. The patient was then asked to come for a surgery consultation on the same day, first with the same nurse and then with a general practitioner. A comparison was made between the information obtained and the decisions taken in these three situations. In 185 of the 193 cases (96%) the information led to the same management decision by the nurse, in both the telephone consultation and later in the surgery consultation. In all cases the same history was recorded by the nurse during the telephone and surgery consultations as by the general practitioner. This indicates that in most cases little or no information is missed in a telephone consultation with a nurse as compared with a surgery consultation with a nurse or doctor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Social factors and tooth loss in a 12-year follow-up study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Abstract: Representative samples of women in different age groups in Gothenburg, Sweden, were examined by means of panoramic radiography in 1968-69 and in 1980-81. Edentulousness and number of remaining teeth were assessed from the radiographs. Data on socioeconomic conditions, educational background and dental care attendance were obtained from a questionnaire. Cross-sectional results showed that improvements in dental status had occurred irrespective of socioeconomic conditions and educational levels and that differences between groups had decreased over the 12-yr period. Dental care attendance was high in all socioeconomic groups, but differences noted in 1968-69 remained in 1980-81.

Feasibility of a primary health care programme aiming at reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors among women in a Swedish community, Strömstad

Abstract: In the Swedish community of Stromstad, where the mortality from cardiovascular disease is high in the female population, all women aged 45-64 years were offered a health survey with the main purpose of screening for cardiovascular risk factors. Altogether 927 of 1084 women (86%) participated. Women with one or more risk factors were invited to attend a three-month course organized by the primary health care service to receive information about how they themselves could influence their risk factors by changing dietary and physical exercise patterns. At a follow-up survey three months later, the participants in the courses had significantly improved many of their risk factor values compared with the non-participants. The improvement was still mainly present a year later.

Risk Factor Pattern for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease as Observed in the Female Population of a Swedish Community, Strömstad

Abstract: In the community of Stromstad, Sweden, a high mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was observed in the female population during the 1970s. In 1985 a health survey was offered by the primary health care service to all women aged 45-64 years in order to identify for later intervention those women who had risk factors for these diseases. More than half the women had one or more risk factors as defined in the study, their number increasing with increasing age. Increased triglyceride concentration or abdominal adiposity or both were present in 23%, while 25% were smokers and 22% had arterial hypertension. By identifying persons at risk, prevention can be initiated by primary health care intervention. A high participation rate (86%) indicates that prevention is requested by the population.

Telephone advisory service, visits to district nurses and home visits made by district nurses at a Swedish primary health care district.

Abstract: All contacts with the district nurses were registered during a three-week period, daytime Monday to Friday, in a defined primary health care district (Vanersborg, Sweden): 855 incoming telephone calls, 1,016 visits to the district nurses (visits to child welfare unit excluded), and 380 home visits made by the district nurses. The telephone consultations comprised 38% of the total number of contacts and 14% of the time was devoted to this activity, visits to the district nurses at their reception units 45% of all contacts and 39% of the time, and home visits 17% and 47%, respectively. Symptoms from the upper respiratory tract and from the skin were the most common reasons for telephone consultations, while wounds and leg ulcers were the most common reasons for visits to the reception unit and for home visits. A great deal of the district nurse's work was requested by health centres and hospitals.

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Characterisation of Women in the Community of Strömstad, Sweden, Compared With Other Female Populations

Abstract: Statistics on the community level have revealed an increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases, especially stroke, among women in the community of Stromstad situated in the northern part of the County of Goteborg and Bohus near the Norwegian border. Based on prevalence data from a population study in Stromstad, to which all women aged 45-64 were invited and 86% attended, it was, however, concluded that history of cardiovascular diseases including stroke were not more common in Stromstad than in Gothenburg and Copenhagen. Traditionally accepted risk factors could not explain an increased mortality from these diseases in Stromstad, as these factors did not differ between Stromstad and a number of other communities, with which Stromstad was compared. It seems reasonable also to take other factors into consideration in order to explain the increased mortality, e.g. socio-economic factors and softness of the drinking water.