The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an independent organization devoted to the development of standards.

American Society for Testing and Materials

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications to Chemical Systems Vol 1 Edited by J R Ferraro and L J Basile Pp 311 (Academic: New York, San Francisco and London, 1978) $25; £1625

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The possible use of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in the construction industry as a way towards a circular economy

https://openaccess.iyte.edu.tr/bitstream/11147/2489/1/2489.pdf

The use of recycled paper processing residues in making porous brick with reduced thermal conductivity

High-performance concretes are made with carefully selected high-quality ingredients and optimized mixture designs; these are batched, mixed, placed, compacted and cured to the highest industry standards. Typically, such concretes will have a low water-cementing materials ratio of 0.20 to 0.45. Plasticizers are usually used to make these concretes fluid and workable. High-performance concrete almost always has a higher strength than normal concrete. However, strength is not always the primary required property. For example, a normal strength concrete with very high durability and very low permeability is considered to have highperformance properties. Bickley and Fung (2001) demonstrated that 40 MPa (6,000 psi) highperformance concrete for bridges could be economically made while Fig. 17-1. High-performance concrete is often used in bridges (left) and tall buildings (right). (70017, 70023) High-performance concrete (HPC) exceeds the properties and constructability of normal concrete. Normal and special materials are used to make these specially designed concretes that must meet a combination of performance requirements. Special mixing, placing, and curing practices may be needed to produce and handle high-performance concrete. Extensive performance tests are usually required to demonstrate compliance with specific project needs (ASCE 1993, Russell 1999, and Bickley and Mitchell 2001). High-performance concrete has been primarily used in tunnels, bridges, and tall buildings for its strength, durability, and high modulus of elasticity (Fig. 17-1). It has also been used in shotcrete repair, poles, parking garages, and agricultural applications. High-performance concrete characteristics are developed for particular applications and environments; some of the properties that may be required include:

High performance concrete

Incorporation of sludge waste from water treatment plant into red ceramic

Influence of firing temperature on the ceramic properties of clays from Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil

On the production of fired clay bricks from waste materials: A critical update

This work has as its objective to evaluate the effect of granite powder waste incorporation in a red ceramic body. The granite waste came from an industry of stone sawing operations located in the municipal area of Santo Antonio de Padua, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Initially the granite sawing waste was characterized in terms of chemical composition, particles size distribution and X-ray diffraction. After that, clay mixtures with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.% of granite waste were prepared. Red ceramic specimens were fabricated by extrusion and then fired in an industrial furnace at 970 °C. The specimens were also tested to determine the water absorption, linear shrinkage and three points bending flexural strength. Microstructural evaluation was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and mercury porosimetry. The results indicate that granite waste presents favorable characteristics for addition into red ceramics due to facilities on the drying stages and decrease in porosity.

Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira

Papers

Incorporation of sludge waste from water treatment plant into red ceramic

Influence of firing temperature on the ceramic properties of clays from Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil

On the production of fired clay bricks from waste materials: A critical update

Incorporation of granite waste in red ceramics

Characteristics of clays and properties of building ceramics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil