Showing papers by "Carol A. Furness published in 2001"
TL;DR: The distribution of tapetal types in basal angiosperms is reviewed both from the literature and new observations in the context of recent phylogenetic analyses, finding apparent plasticity for a relatively brief but critical time in angiosperm evolution.
Abstract: The distribution of tapetal types in basal angiosperms is reviewed both from the literature and new observations in the context of recent phylogenetic analyses. Secretory tapeta predominate among land plants. The majority of basal angiosperms share a secretory tapetum with their anthophyte ancestors. Plasmodial and invasive tapeta are relatively rare in eudicots but have evolved several times among early‐branching angiosperms, especially in monocotyledons, in which they have evolved three or more times. The invasive tapetum has evolved at least four other times independently in basal angiosperms: in Nymphaeaceae, Annonaceae, Monimiaceae, and Winteraceae. Plasmodial tapeta are mostly found in monocotyledons but have evolved at least twice in basal angiosperms, in Annonaceae, and in Hernandiaceae/Lauraceae. This apparent plasticity for a relatively brief but critical time in angiosperm evolution may reflect the early evolution of highly specific pollination syndromes.
82 citations
TL;DR: Characters of monocot pollen and anthers (tapetum type, microsporogenesis type and inaperturate pollen) are reviewed here in relation to recent phylogenetic concepts of the group, and new data is presented for some critical taxa.
Abstract: Pollen and anther characters are potentially informative in higher-level systematics of monocotyledons. Several characters of monocot pollen and anthers (tapetum type, microsporogenesis type and inaperturate pollen) are reviewed here in relation to recent phylogenetic concepts of the group, and new data are presented for some critical taxa. The first-branching monocotyledon, Acorus , has a secretory tapetum but most other early branching taxa (i.e., most Alismatales, except Tofieldia ) are plasmodial. The lilioid orders, Pandanales, Dioscoreales, Liliales and Asparagales are almost uniformly secretory. The tapetum is more diverse within the commelinoid clade. Successive microsporogenesis predominates in the monocotyledons although the simultaneous type is of systematic significance within some orders, such as Dioscoreales,Asparagales and Poales. Inaperturate pollen (either "functionally monoaperturate" or "omniaperturate") occurs in every major monocot group. It predominates in Alismatales and Zingiberale...
54 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that pollen data may be significant at sectional rank and the close relationship between sections Astemtricha and Enantiophyllum proposed by I3urkill and Ayensu is supported by pollen morphology.
41 citations
TL;DR: Within Aristolochiaceae, a secretory tapetum and orbicules are ubiquitous, but both simultaneous and successive types of microsporogenesis occur, and simultaneous cytokinesis is apparently plesiomorphic within the order Piperales.
39 citations
TL;DR: Relationships of the enigmatic genera Whitfieldia, Chlamydacanthus, and Lankesteria (Acanthaceae) were examined using molecular sequence data for two chloroplast loci for these and a sample of taxa representing all major lineages within the family and a number of morphological synapomorphies for Whitfieldieae were proposed.
Abstract: Relationships of the enigmatic genera Whitfieldia, Chlamydacanthus, and Lankesteria (Acanthaceae) were examined using molecular sequence data for two chloroplast loci (ndhF gene, trnL-trnF spacer and intron) for these and a sample of taxa representing
32 citations
TL;DR: Within Aristolochiaceae, a secretory tapetum and orbicules are ubiquitous, but both simultaneous and successive types of microsporogenesis occur, and simultaneous cytokinesis is apparently plesiomorphic within the order Piperales.
4 citations