2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1797952/1-s2.0-S0140673618322797-main.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of mindfulness in psychological well-being. The development and psychometric properties of the dispositional Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) are described. Correlational, quasi-experimental, and laboratory studies then show that the MAAS measures a unique quality of consciousness that is related to a variety of well-being constructs, that differentiates mindfulness practitioners from others, and that is associated with enhanced selfawareness. An experience-sampling study shows that both dispositional and state mindfulness predict self-regulated behavior and positive emotional states. Finally, a clinical intervention study with cancer patients demonstrates that increases in mindfulness over time relate to declines in mood disturbance and stress. Many philosophical, spiritual, and psychological traditions emphasize the importance of the quality of consciousness for the maintenance and enhancement of well-being (Wilber, 2000). Despite this, it is easy to overlook the importance of consciousness in human well-being because almost everyone exercises its primary capacities, that is, attention and awareness. Indeed, the relation between qualities of consciousness and well-being has received little empirical attention. One attribute of consciousness that has been much-discussed in relation to well-being is mindfulness. The concept of mindfulness has roots in Buddhist and other contemplative traditions where conscious attention and awareness are actively cultivated. It is most commonly defined as the state of being attentive to and aware of what is taking place in the present. For example, Nyanaponika Thera (1972) called mindfulness “the clear and single-minded awareness of what actually happens to us and in us at the successive moments of perception” (p. 5). Hanh (1976) similarly defined mindfulness as “keeping one’s consciousness alive to the present reality” (p. 11). Recent research has shown that the enhancement of mindfulness through training facilitates a variety of well-being outcomes (e.g., Kabat-Zinn, 1990). To date, however, there has been little work examining this attribute as a naturally occurring characteristic. Recognizing that most everyone has the capacity to attend and to be aware, we nonetheless assume (a) that individuals differ in their propensity or willingness to be aware and to sustain attention to what is occurring in the present and (b) that this mindful capacity varies within persons, because it can be sharpened or dulled by a variety of factors. The intent of the present research is to reliably identify these inter- and intrapersonal variations in mindfulness, establish their relations to other relevant psychological constructs, and demonstrate their importance to a variety of forms of psychological well-being.

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The Benefits of Being Present: Mindfulness and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD Mary Cushman, MD, MSc, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, FAHA Rajat Deo, MD, MTR Sarah D. de Ferranti, MD, MPH James Floyd, MD, MS Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Cathleen Gillespie, MS Carmen R. Isasi, MD, PhD, FAHA Monik C. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD Daniel Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Lynda Lisabeth, PhD, MPH, FAHA Simin Liu, MD, ScD, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Rachel H. Mackey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Khurram Nasir, MD, MPH, FAHA Robert W. Neumar, MD, PhD, FAHA Latha Palaniappan, MD, MS, FAHA Dilip K. Pandey, MBBS, MS, PhD, FAHA Ravi R. Thiagarajan, MD, MPH Mathew J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, FAHA Comilla Sasson, MD, PhD, FAHA Amytis Towfighi, MD Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH Melanie B. Turner, MPH Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA Jenifer H. Voeks, PhD Joshua Z. Willey, MD, MS John T. Wilkins, MD Jason HY. Wu, MSc, PhD, FAHA Heather M. Alger, PhD Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Paul Muntner, PhD, MHSc On behalf of the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Cancer is one of the major causes of death in countries across the world. However, at least half of cancers could be prevented. This article reviews the relationship between cancer incidence and the major risk factors: tobacco use, exposure to infections, nutrition, obesity and physical activity. Several major current cancer prevention initiatives are presented, including the effort for global tobacco control, vaccination programs for human papilloma virus, chemoprevention, and cohort studies to identify and elucidate cancer causes. Two concerns that cross the cancer prevention research spectrum are the importance of social determinants of health, and the potential role of genetic factors in explaining cancer incidence and guiding intervention development. In the future, optimism is warranted regarding cancer prevention. If currently known criteria are applied and extended, significant reductions in cancer rates are possible.

Cancer prevention: major initiatives and looking into the future.

This article addresses preferences for psychosocial interventions in newly diagnosed cancer patients in a multiethnic sample consisting of Americans of European, Filipino, Native Hawaiian, and Japanese ancestry. Patients who were diagnosed with cancer four to six months before the study were identified through consecutive registrations on the Hawai'i Tumor Registry. Data were collected through personal interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Among 194 patients who participated in the study, 162 (84%) reported experiencing cancer-related stress. Although few patients had participated in supportive interventions, there was considerable interest in these techniques. Most patients had received information about diagnosis and treatment, but only 10% had received information about psychological counseling. When preferences for supportive interventions were linked with demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, age, and ethnicity), the most consistent finding was higher levels of interest among Filipino patients. Additional research examining ethnic differences in preferences for psychosocial support is warranted. Because of the potential for greater use of behavioral therapies by patients, educating providers about the availability, efficacy, and patients' interest in such interventions is needed.

Preferences for Psychosocial Interventions Among Newly Diagnosed Cancer Patients from a Multiethnic Population

Examining the relationship between personality and affect-related attributes and adolescents' intentions to try smoking using the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale

Objective. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is prevalent. Concurrently, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with early detection techniques widely available. This paper examined the overlap between participation in allopathic breast cancer early detection activities and CAM use. Methods. A systematic review examined the association between breast screening behaviors and CAM use. Searches were conducted on the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and NCCAM databases and gray literature between 1990 and 2011. STROBE criteria were used to assess study quality. Results. Nine studies met the search criteria. Four focused on CAM use in women at high breast cancer risk and five on average risk women. CAM use in women ranged from 22% to 82% and was high regardless of breast cancer risk. Correlations between CAM use and breast cancer early detection were not strong or consistent but significant relationships that did emerge were positive. Conclusions. Populations surveyed, and measures used to assess CAM, breast cancer screening, and correlates, varied widely. Many women who obtained allopathic screening also sought out CAM. This provides a foundation for future interventions and research to build on women's motivation to enhance health and develop ways to increase the connections between CAM and allopathic care.

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The Relationship between Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Breast Cancer Early Detection: A Critical Review.

8217 Background: Noni fruit extract, a popular dietary supplement used by cancer patients (pts) is derived from the traditional healing practices of Pacific Islanders and Asians. Its use is supported by preclinical evidence of anti-cancer activity and anecdotal evidence of helping patients feel and function better Methods: We conducted a phase I dose finding study with capsules containing 500mg ripe noni fruit extract in pts with advanced cancer. First dose level was 4 capsules (2 grams) daily, the highest recommended dosing of the commercial product. Subsequent dose levels were increased by 2 grams daily up to a maximum dose level of 10 grams (20 capsules) daily. A minimum of 5 pts at each dose level were observed for 28 days before new pts were entered at the next higher dose level. In addition to conventional toxicity and response measures, we measured quality of life and symptom status with QLQ C-30, Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), and CES-D, depression scale at baseline and every 4 weeks. Results: Pt....

Carolyn C. Gotay

Papers

Cancer prevention: major initiatives and looking into the future.

Preferences for Psychosocial Interventions Among Newly Diagnosed Cancer Patients from a Multiethnic Population

Examining the relationship between personality and affect-related attributes and adolescents' intentions to try smoking using the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale

The Relationship between Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Breast Cancer Early Detection: A Critical Review.

Quality of life measures in a phase I trial of noni