Background The primary objective of this study is to ascertain whether the Expectation Confirmation Model can be expanded by external variables including computer anxiety, social interaction, and self-efficacy to better understand the intention to continue using online learning systems in the post-pandemic era among vocational college students. Moreover, this research argues that the intention to continue using online learning systems among students may be gender-sensitive. Methods The researchers surveyed 482 students from eight vocational colleges in Jiangxi Province using a structured questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural equation modeling is used to verify the research model. Results The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed model adequately explains the continuous use intention for online learning systems at a 76.6% confidence level. All of the newly introduced variables in the ECM are shown to be significant and relevant to explicate continuous use intention. Our survey results show that gender differences in intention to continue using online learning systems exist objectively, but this difference is not a natural difference. Conclusion This research fills a void in the current literature on online learning and probes into how learning may be made more long-lasting in intricate environments.

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Antecedents of continuance intention in online learning systems among vocational college students: The moderating effect of gender

ChatGPT (generative pre-trained transformer) is one of the artificial intelligence (AI) technologies that have started to be used in programming education. However, the effect of using ChatGPT in programming education on learning processes and outcomes is not yet known. This study investigated the effect of programming education using the ChatGPT on students' computational thinking skills, programming self-efficacy, and motivation toward the lesson. The research was conducted on 45 undergraduate students who took a university-level programming course. The research was carried out according to the experimental design with the pretest-posttest control group. Students were randomly divided into experimental (n = 21) and control (n = 24) groups. While the experimental group students benefited from the ChatGPT during the weekly programming practices, the control group students did not use this tool. Research data were obtained through the computational thinking scale, computer programming self-efficacy scale, and learning motivation in computer programming courses scale. Research findings revealed that the experimental group students' computational thinking skills, programming self-efficacy, and motivation for the lesson were significantly higher than the control group students. In line with this result, it can be said that it may be useful to benefit from AI technologies such as ChatGPT in programming trainings. The research findings, it was emphasized how the most effective use of AI support in the lessons could be made, and various suggestions were made for researchers and educators in this regard. 

The effect of generative artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool use on students' computational thinking skills, programming self-efficacy and motivation

The technological advancement in learning has made it possible for students to study beyond space and time restrictions, known as online learning. Impacted by the pandemic for an extended period, most students have adapted to online learning and, even more, have realized the vast benefits of online learning despite all the minor disadvantages. As a result, worldwide institutions, including Indonesia, are now offering online degrees and courses. Previous studies have shown contradictory results of cost factor effects on online courses, from the least important to the most critical factor for student achievements. Therefore, deciding the online course rates has been a major concern for online course providers. This research aims to answer the fundamental question of designing costs for online learning by analyzing online course preferences and ensuring sustainability by proposing a framework for the E-learning Pricing Model Policy in Higher Education using literature studies and qualitative approaches. The results show four main phases: the preparation phase, which conducts market research to understand consumer demand and behavior; the implementation phase, which includes marketing expenses and tutor fees; evaluation phase, which includes the course content material and video production revisions for further implementation. In addition, the infrastructure phase as the Learning Management System’s virtual space is added with the Cloud Expenses. However, as a limitation of this research, countless factors influence online course rates, and no exact number can determine those rates. Nevertheless, the course cost can be estimated by considering the factors that affect the overall cost and the number of learners who take the course. As a result, this framework acts as an essential foundation for institutions to determine sustainable online course rates.

E-Learning Pricing Model Policy for Higher Education

The recent irruption of ChatGPT, a powerful chatbot that uses a “Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer” language model, could revolutionize education worldwide since it can greatly affect the competence development that students need to achieve for their professional future. The aim of this work is to assess the level of knowledge of ChatGPT and the perception of its possibilities of use in education by students studying the Primary Education Degree at the University of León (Spain) from a double perspective: as students and future teachers, respectively. For this purpose, a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental, and quantitative research design was carried out, with the design and elaboration of a questionnaire. The questionnaire data were statistically processed by calculating relative frequencies. The main results highlight that students have a positive perception of ChatGPT use, with potential applications in education, and do not perceive it as a threat to the deterioration of the educational system as long as the sources of the data generated by the tool are verified. In addition, as students and future teachers, they need more knowledge about the operation of ChatGPT to ensure its correct use and maintain the quality of the education system. Thus, to overcome ChatGPT irruption in education, digital literacy is crucial at all educational levels.

Is the Education System Prepared for the Irruption of Artificial Intelligence? A Study on the Perceptions of Students of Primary Education Degree from a Dual Perspective: Current Pupils and Future Teachers

Development of e-learning in improving student understanding of education management subjects based on cooperative learning

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are a type of Learning Management Systems (LMSs), but it seems that the influence of the instructor in these systems is minimal or simply lacking. These systems present the learning content and materials to all learners attending the course in the same way and fail to offer individualized instruction that recognizes the individual differences and needs of the learners. It is reported that such problems can be eliminated by making the new generation intelligent learning systems. However, there is still an ongoing search for making such systems intelligent and a conceptual discussion concerning them. Integrating an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) with learning analytics, this study seeks to design and present the framework of an ITS with open access that a) identifies the learning needs of learners through adaptive mastery testing and guides learners based on these needs, b) overcomes learning deficiencies, monitors learners' interactions with content through learning analytics and offers suggestions, c) supports learning with dynamic assessment processes and d) tests learners’ learning competencies. This article aims to explain the conceptual and system framework for the design of an adaptive, dynamic, intelligent tutoring system (SMIT), supported by learning analytics, which is a product of the project, which aims to integrate LMS and ITS, on the idea of how to make systems such as MOOCs smarter. In line with the findings obtained from the research, various suggestions were made for the design of smart Moocs. 

Smart MOOC integrated with intelligent tutoring: A system architecture and framework model proposal

Adults are independent learners and are expected to direct their own learning. Nowadays, there are many MOOC platforms preferred by adult learners. Many states have adapted to these developments and established an online learning platform in order to carry out the training and development activities of civil servants. The Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye Human Resources Office has established the Distance Learning Gate (DLG) platform in order to carry out educational activities. In this study, learning preferences of adult learners were determined in order to improve the relevant online learning environment and to structure appropriate trainings for public personnel. For this purpose, the training preferences of adult learners were determined according to their title groups and education levels. The participants of the research consisted of 4864 civil servants who received training from the DLG platform. According to the results, it was determined that adult learners preferred personal development training the most and professional development training in the last place. It is seen that the servants in the service title group that watched the most training in all categories according to the title groups. It is seen that the groups that received the least education are the senior manager and manager title group. On the other hand, it has been determined that the number of adult learners' training and the education categories differ according to the education level. According to the findings, it is seen that those who watched the most education are adults at the compulsory primary education level, while those who watched the least education are those who are at the graduate level. This research includes the first phase of a series of research and a design-based research. As a first step, the training preferences of adult learners were determined. In the next stage, a recommendation system will be integrated into the DLG platform based on the determined profiles.

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Cennet Terzi Müftüoglu

Papers

Smart MOOC integrated with intelligent tutoring: A system architecture and framework model proposal

Training preferences of adult learners in online learning environments: distance learning gate