https://www.repositorio.ufop.br/bitstream/123456789/805/6/ARTIGO_TrioxygenatedNaturallyOccurring.pdf

Tetraoxygenated naturally occurring xanthones

Salvia species are important medicinal and culinary plants, and they have been the subject of numerous chemical and biological studies. The bioactive triterpenoids of Salvia species, reported in the literature to date, are reviewed. About 200 triterpenoids, almost 80 of which are new, isolated, and characterized from about 100 Salvia species, are presented herein. In addition to the diverse biological activities of the pure triterpenoids, studies on biological activity of extracts of Salvia species are also described.

Bioactive triterpenoids from Salvia species.

Advances in triterpenoid research, 1990–1994

The occurrence of taxonomically informative types of compounds in the family Gentianaceae, namely iridoids, xanthones, mangiferin, and Cglucoflavones, has been recorded. The properties, biosynthesis, and distribution of each group of compounds are described. The iridoids (mainly secoiridoid glucosides) appear to be present in all species investigated, with a predominance of swertiamarin and/or gentiopicroside; c. 90 different compounds have been reported from 127 species in 24 genera. Xanthones are not universally present in Gentianaceae, but about 100 different compounds have been reported from 121 species in 21 genera. A coherent theory for the biosynthesis of xanthones, based partly on published biosynthetic results and partly on biosynthetic reasoning, is postulated and used to group the compounds into biosynthetic categories. Arranging the genera according to the xanthones present gives rise to four groups. Group 1 (Anthocleista, Blackstonia, Gentianopsis, Macrocarpaea, and Orphium) includes the taxa containing only few and biosynthetically primitive xanthones. Group 2 (Comastoma, Gentiana, Gentianella, Lomatogonium, Swertia, and, tentatively, Tripterospermum) contains xanthones with an intermediate degree of biosynthetic advancement. Group 3 (Frasera, Halenia, and Veratrilla) has the most advanced compounds, with the xanthones found in group 2 being the biosynthetic precursors. Group 4 (Canscora, Centaurium, Chironia, Eustoma, Hoppea, Ixanthus, and, with some reservation, Schultesia) contains another set of biosynthetically advanced compounds. A comparison of the above groups with strict consensus trees based on molecular data (trnL intron and matK sequences) and the new classification proposed by Struwe et al. (2002)

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Chemotaxonomy and pharmacology of Gentianaceae

Evaluation of the wound healing activity of methanol extract of Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit leaf and its isolated active constituents in topical formulation.

Chemical investigation on limnophila rogusa and pedilanthus tithymaloides

Salvitriol : a new triterpene from salvia leucantha cav.

1,5,7-Trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone from Hoppea fastigiata

The present chapter examined the behavior of relative wage rate, productivity of labor, and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and also attempted to explore the causal relationship between relative wage rate and productivity of labor as well as relative wage rate and TFPG in food and beverage industry in India over the period 1980–1981 to 2017–2018. The result of Sen (2003) approach of endogenous structural break suggests that the series of relative wage rate, productivity of labor, and TFPG follows trend stationary process. A significant break is found for all the three aforementioned variables, being 1984–1985 for relative wage rate and productivity of labor whereas 2007–2008 for TFPG. For the three variables, growth rate has increased after the break. Bidirectional causality between relative wage rate and productivity of labor as well as relative wage rate and TFPG is evident.

Analysis of Causality between Wage and Productivity in Food and Beverage Industry in India

The petroleum ether (60-80°) extract of the whole plants (aerial parts and roots) of Hoppea fastigiata yielded a new xanthone, 1,7-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone.Hoppeu fustigiutu Clarke (Gentianaceae) (1) was collected from Santiniketan and identified. The plants are used by tribes for a variety of ailments and apparently have not been investigated previously. In continuation of our studies on plant pigments (2-6), we now report the isolation and structure elucidation of a new xanthone, 1,7-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone from the aerial parts and roots of this species. This substitution pattern is extremely uncommon in xanthones and is reported previously by Rama Rao et al. (7).

Chandrima Chakraborty

Papers

Chemical investigation on limnophila rogusa and pedilanthus tithymaloides

Salvitriol : a new triterpene from salvia leucantha cav.

1,5,7-Trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone from Hoppea fastigiata

Analysis of Causality between Wage and Productivity in Food and Beverage Industry in India

1,7-Dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone from Hoppea fastigiata