Showing papers by "Charles H. Hennekens published in 2012"
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the validity of the 1990 US weight guidelines for women that support a substantial gain in weight at approximately 35 years of age and recommend a range of body mass index (BMI) (defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) from 21 to 27 kg/m2, in terms of coronary heart disease risk in women.
Abstract: Objective.\p=m-\To assess the validity of the 1990 US weight guidelines for women that support a substantial gain in weight at approximately 35 years of age and recommend a range of body mass index (BMI) (defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) from 21 to 27 kg/m2, in terms of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in women. Design.\p=m-\Prospectivecohort study. Setting.\p=m-\Femaleregistered nurses in the United States. Participants.\p=m-\Atotal of 115 818 women aged 30 to 55 years in 1976 and without a history of previous CHD. Main Outcome Measure.\p=m-\Incidenceof CHD defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD. Results.\p=m-\During14 years of follow-up, 1292 cases of CHD were ascertained. After controlling for age, smoking, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use, and parental history of CHD and using as a reference women with a BMI of less than 21 kg/m2, relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CHD were 1.19 (0.97 to 1.44) for a BMI of 21 to 22.9 kg/m2, 1.46 (1.20 to 1.77) for a BMI of 23 to 24.9 kg/m2,2.06 (1.72 to 2.48) for a BMI of 25 to 28.9 kg/m2, and 3.56 (2.96 to 4.29) for a BMI of 29 kg/m2 or more. Women who gained weight from 18 years of age were compared with those with stable weight (\m=+-\5kg) in analyses that controlled for the same variables as well as BMI at 18 years of age. The RRs and CIs were 1.25 (1.01 to 1.55) for a 5- to 7.9-kg gain, 1.64 (1.33 to 2.04) for an 8- to 10.9\x=req-\ kg gain, 1.92 (1.61 to 2.29) for an 11-to 19-kg gain, and 2.65 (2.17 to 3.22) for a gain of 20 kg or more. Among women within the BMI range of 18 to 25 kg/m2, weight gain after 18 years of age remained a strong predictor of CHD risk. Conclusions.\p=m-\Higherlevels of body weight within the "normal" range, as well as modest weight gains after 18 years of age, appear to increase risks of CHD in middle-aged women. These data provide evidence that current US weight guidelines may be falsely reassuring to the large proportion of women older than 35 years who are within the current guidelines but have potentially avoidable risks of CHD. (JAMA. 1995;273:461-465)
117 citations
TL;DR: The data indicate that ECA 81 mg daily does not inhibit TXB2 and PGE2, markers of acute and systemic responses to aspirin.
Abstract: Background: All usual daily doses of plain aspirin inhibit thromboxane B2 (TXB2) as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The role of 81-mg enteric-coated aspirin (ECA) is controversial. Method: In a randomized, double-blind trial, 37 patients (25 men and 12 women) with chronic stable coronary disease taking ECA 81 mg at baseline were assigned to plain aspirin 81, 162.5, 325, 650 or 1300 mg daily for 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks, blood was tested for TXB2 and PGE2. Results: All doses of plain aspirin produced virtually identical reductions in TXB2 and PGE2. For all doses combined, the mean ratio of the 12-week to baseline value was 0.03 for TXB2 (p < 0.001) and 0.63 for PGE2 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These data indicate that ECA 81 mg daily does not inhibit TXB2 and PGE2, markers of acute and systemic responses to aspirin. Randomized trials designed a priori to test this hypothesis are necessary.
1 citations