Showing papers by "Charles H. Vite published in 2001"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterized the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system myelin abnormalities in cats from a breeding colony with a uniform mutation in the gene encoding alpha-mannosidase.
Abstract: Alpha-mannosidosis is a disease caused by the deficient activity of alpha-mannosidase, a lysosomal hydrolase involved in the degradation of glycoproteins. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of mannose-rich oligosaccharides within lysosomes. The purpose of this study was to characterize the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) myelin abnormalities in cats from a breeding colony with a uniform mutation in the gene encoding alpha-mannosidase. Three affected cats and 3 normal cats from 2 litters were examined weekly from 4 to 18 wk of age. Progressively worsening neurological signs developed in affected cats that included tremors, loss of balance, and nystagmus. In the PNS, affected cats showed slow motor nerve conduction velocity and increased F-wave latency. Single nerve fiber teasing revealed significant demyelination/remyelination in affected cats. Mean G-ratios of nerves showed a significant increase in affected cats compared to normal cats. Magnetic resonance imaging of the CNS revealed diffuse white matter signal abnormalities throughout the brain of affected cats. Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging showed a 8%-16% decrease in the magnetization transfer ratio in brain white matter of affected cats compared to normal cats, consistent with myelin abnormalities. Histology confirmed myelin loss throughout the cerebrum and cerebellum. Thus, histology, electrodiagnostic testing, and magnetic resonance imaging identified significant myelination abnormalities in both the PNS and CNS that have not been described previously in alpha-mannosidosis.
46 citations
TL;DR: When the nonpathogenic 1716 strain of HSV-1 was injected into the brains of normal dogs it established a latent infection without signs of pathology, and appears to be suitable as a vector for therapeutic, or marker genes, in this species.
Abstract: A number of diseases affecting the CNS occur in the dog and can be used as models for gene therapy in a large brain. HSV-1 has several potential advantages as a vector to transfer genes into the CNS. However, the ability of HSV-1 to infect CNS cells varies among species and no information was available for the dog. When the nonpathogenic 1716 strain of HSV-1 was injected into the brains of normal dogs it established a latent infection without signs of pathology. Thus, it appears to be suitable as a vector for therapeutic, or marker genes, in this species.
10 citations
TL;DR: The theory of magnetization transfer imaging, its applications, and an example of its use in examining the canine brain are reviewed.
Abstract: Magnetization transfer imaging is a modality capable of examining the non-water components of brain tissue by examining the effects they have on water protons. It may be used qualitatively to increase the visibility of lesions seen during magnetic resonance angiography and following the administration of an intravenous paramagnetic contrast medium. Quantitatively, it can be used to examine the effect of pathology on magnetization transfer contrast, to provide a measurement of myelination, as well as to quantify disease progression in trauma, neoplasia, neurodegeneration and other disorders of the brain. This paper reviews the theory of magnetization transfer imaging, its applications, and provides an example of its use in examining the canine brain.
8 citations