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Aspects of topology: On dimension theory

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Metric Spaces Of Non Positive Curvature

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Anosov Diffeomorphisms (力学系の総合的研究)

The simplicial volume is a homotopy invariant of manifolds introduced by Gromov in 1982. In order to study its main properties, Gromov himself initiated the dual theory of bounded cohomology, that developed into an active and independent research field. Gromov's theory of bounded cohomology was based on the use of multicomplexes, which are simplicial structures that generalize simplicial complexes without allowing all the degeneracies appearing in simplicial sets. 
In the first part of this paper we lay the foundation of the theory of multicomplexes. We construct the singular multicomplex K(X) associated to a topological space X, and we prove that K(X) is homotopy equivalent to $X$ for every CW complex X. Following Gromov, we introduce the notion of completeness, which translates into the context of multicomplexes the Kan condition for simplicial sets. We then develop the homotopy theory of complete multicomplexes. 
In the second part we apply the theory of multicomplexes to the study of the bounded cohomology of topological spaces. We provide complete proofs of Gromov's Mapping Theorem (which implies that the bounded cohomology of a space only depends on its fundamental group) and of Gromov's Vanishing Theorem, which ensures the vanishing of the simplicial volume of closed manifolds admitting an amenable cover of small multiplicity. 
The third part is devoted to the study of locally finite chains on non-compact spaces. We expand some ideas of Gromov to provide complete proofs of a criterion for the vanishing and a criterion for the finiteness of the simplicial volume of open manifolds. As a by-product of these results, we prove a criterion for the l^1-invisibility of closed manifolds in terms of amenable covers. As an application, we give the first complete proof of the vanishing of the simplicial volume of the product of three open manifolds.

Gromov's theory of multicomplexes with applications to bounded cohomology and simplicial volume

Let $M$ be a smooth projective variety and $\mathbf{D}$ an ample normal crossings divisor. From topological data associated to the pair $(M, \mathbf{D})$, we construct, under assumptions on Gromov-Witten invariants, a series of distinguished classes in symplectic cohomology of the complement $X = M \backslash \mathbf{D}$. Under further "topological" assumptions on the pair, these classes can be organized into a Log(arithmic) PSS morphism, from a vector space which we term the logarithmic cohomology of $(M, \mathbf{D})$ to symplectic cohomology. Turning to applications, we show that these methods and some knowledge of Gromov-Witten invariants can be used to produce dilations and quasi-dilations (in the sense of Seidel-Solomon [SS]) in examples such as conic bundles. In turn, the existence of such elements imposes strong restrictions on exact Lagrangian embeddings, especially in dimension 3. For instance, we prove that any exact Lagrangian in a complex 3-dimensional conic bundle over $(\mathbb{C}^*)^2$ must be diffeomorphic to $T^3$ or a connect sum $\#^n S^1 \times S^2$.

A Log PSS morphism with applications to Lagrangian embeddings

We determine which three-manifolds are dominated by products. The result is that a closed, oriented, connected three-manifold is dominated by a product if and only if it is finitely covered either by a product or by a connected sum of copies of S
 2 × S
 1. This characterization can also be formulated in terms of Thurston geometries, or in terms of purely algebraic properties of the fundamental group. We also determine which three-manifolds are dominated by non-trivial circle bundles, and which three-manifold groups are presentable by products.

On three-manifolds dominated by circle bundles

We determine which three-manifolds are dominated by products. The result is that a closed, oriented, connected three-manifold is dominated by a product if and only if it is finitely covered either by a product or by a connected sum of copies of the product of the two-sphere and the circle. This characterization can also be formulated in terms of Thurston geometries, or in terms of purely algebraic properties of the fundamental group. We also determine which three-manifolds are dominated by non-trivial circle bundles, and which three-manifold groups are presentable by products.

Every closed oriented manifold $M$ is associated with a set of integers $D(M)$, the set of self-mapping degrees of $M$. In this paper we investigate whether a product $M\times N$ admits a self-map of degree $d$, when neither $D(M)$ nor $D(N)$ contains $d$. We find sufficient conditions so that $D(M\times N)$ contains exactly the products of the elements of $D(M)$ with the elements of $D(N)$. As a consequence, we obtain manifolds $M\times N$ that do not admit self-maps of degree $-1$ (strongly chiral), that have finite sets of self-mapping degrees (inflexible) and that do not admit any self-map of degree $dp$ for a prime number $p$. Furthermore we obtain a characterization of odd-dimensional strongly chiral hyperbolic manifolds in terms of self-mapping degrees of their products.

Degrees of Self-Maps of Products

We define a new class of irreducible groups, called groups not infinite-index presentable by products or not IIPP. We prove that certain aspherical manifolds with fundamental groups not IIPP do not admit maps of non-zero degree from direct products. This extends previous results of Kotschick and Loeh, providing new classes of aspherical manifolds - beyond those non-positively curved ones which were predicted by Gromov - that do not admit maps of non-zero degree from direct products. 
A sample application is that an aspherical geometric 4-manifold admits a map of non-zero degree from a direct product if and only if it is a virtual product itself. This completes a characterization of the product geometries due to Hillman. Along the way we prove that for certain groups the property IIPP is a criterion for reducibility. This especially implies the vanishing of the simplicial volume of the corresponding aspherical manifolds. It is shown that aspherical manifolds with reducible fundamental groups do always admit maps of non-zero degree from direct products.

Fundamental groups of aspherical manifolds and maps of non-zero degree

We obtain an ordering of closed aspherical 4-manifolds that carry a non-hyperbolic Thurston geometry. As application, we derive that the Kodaira dimension of geometric 4-manifolds is monotone with respect to the existence of maps of nonzero degree.

Christoforos Neofytidis

Papers

On three-manifolds dominated by circle bundles

On three-manifolds dominated by circle bundles

Degrees of Self-Maps of Products

Fundamental groups of aspherical manifolds and maps of non-zero degree

Ordering Thurston’s geometries by maps of nonzero degree