Determine the value of the variable in each equation.

Basic Algebra = 代数学入門

1. (i) Suppose K is a conjugacy class of Sn contained in An; then K is called split if K is a union of two conjugacy classes of An. Show that the number of split conjugacy classes contained in An is equal to the number of characters χ ∈ Irr(Sn) such that χAn is not irreducible. (Hint. Consider the vector space of class functions on An which are invariant under conjugation by the transposition (12).)

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Character Theory of Finite Groups

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Reflection Groups And Coxeter Groups

In this chapter we describe the six families of so-called ‘classical’ simple groups. These are the linear, unitary and symplectic groups, and the three families of orthogonal groups. All may be obtained from suitable matrix groups G by taking G′/Z(G′). Our main aims again are to define these groups, prove they are simple, and describe their automorphisms, subgroups and covering groups.

The classical groups

Algebraic number theory

We introduce a new method to compute explicit formulae for various zeta functions associated to groups and rings. The specific form of these formulae enables us to deduce local functional equations. More precisely, we prove local functional equations for the subring zeta functions associated to rings, the subgroup, conjugacy and representation zeta functions of finitely generated, torsion-free nilpotent (or T -)groups, and the normal zeta functions of T -groups of class 2. In particular we solve the two problems posed in [9, Section 5]. We deduce our theorems from a ‘blueprint result’ on certain p-adic integrals which generalises work of Denef and others on Igusa’s local zeta function. The Malcev correspondence and a Kirillov-type theory developed by Howe are used to ‘linearise’ the problems of counting subgroups and representations in T -groups, respectively.

/pdf/functional-equations-for-zeta-functions-of-groups-and-rings-568542986l.pdf

Functional equations for zeta functions of groups and rings

We study representation zeta functions of finitely generated, torsion-free nilpotent groups which are groups of rational points of unipotent group schemes over rings of integers of number fields. Using the Kirillov orbit method and $\frak{p}$-adic integration, we prove rationality and functional equations for almost all local factors of the Euler products of these zeta functions. We further give explicit formulae, in terms of Dedekind zeta functions, for the zeta functions of class-$2$-nilpotent groups obtained from three infinite families of group schemes, generalizing the integral Heisenberg group. As an immediate corollary, we obtain precise asymptotics for the representation growth of these groups, and key analytic properties of their zeta functions, such as meromorphic continuation. We express the local factors of these zeta functions in terms of generating functions for finite Weyl groups of type~$B$. This allows us to establish a formula for the joint distribution of three functions, or ``statistics'', on such Weyl groups. Finally, we compare our explicit formulae to $\frak{p}$-adic integrals associated to relative invariants of three infinite families of prehomogeneous vector spaces.

/pdf/representation-zeta-functions-of-nilpotent-groups-and-318k0l4smz.pdf

Representation zeta functions of nilpotent groups and generating functions for Weyl groups of type B

We introduce new methods from p-adic integration into the study of representation zeta functions associated to compact p-adic analytic groups and arithmetic groups. They allow us to establish that the representation zeta functions of generic members of families of p-adic analytic pro-p groups obtained from a global, `perfect' Lie lattice satisfy functional equations. In the case of `semisimple' compact p-adic analytic groups, we exhibit a link between the relevant p-adic integrals and a natural filtration of the locus of irregular elements in the associated semisimple Lie algebra, defined by centraliser dimension. Based on this algebro-geometric description, we compute explicit formulae for the representation zeta functions of principal congruence subgroups of the groups SL_3(O), where O is a compact discrete valuation ring of characteristic 0, and of the corresponding unitary groups. These formulae, combined with approximative Clifford theory, allow us to determine the abscissae of convergence of representation zeta functions associated to arithmetic subgroups of algebraic groups of type A_2. Assuming a conjecture of Serre on the Congruence Subgroup Problem, we thereby prove a conjecture of Larsen and Lubotzky on lattices in higher-rank semisimple groups for algebraic groups of type A_2 defined over number fields.

Representation zeta functions of compact $p$-adic analytic groups and arithmetic groups

We introduce a new method to compute explicit formulae for various zeta functions associated to groups and rings. The specific form of these formulae enables us to deduce local functional equations. More precisely, we prove local functional equations for the subring zeta functions associated to rings, the subgroup, conjugacy and representation zeta functions of finitely generated, torsion-free nilpotent (or $\T$-)groups, and the normal zeta functions of $\T$-groups of class 2. In particular we solve the two problems posed in \cite[Section 5]{duSG/06}. We deduce our theorems from a `blueprint result' on certain $p$-adic integrals which generalises work of Denef and others on Igusa's local zeta function. The Malcev correspondence and a Kirillov-type theory developed by Howe are used to `linearise' the problems of counting subgroups and representations in $\T$-groups, respectively.

We study representation zeta functions of finitely generated, torsion-free nilpotent groups which are rational points of unipotent group schemes over rings of integers of number fields. Using the Kirillov orbit method and p-adic integration, we prove rationality and functional equations for almost all local factors of the Euler products of these zeta functions. We further give explicit formulae, in terms of Dedekind zeta functions, for the zeta functions of class-2-nilpotent groups obtained from three infinite families of group schemes, generalising the integral Heisenberg group. As an immediate corollary, we obtain precise asymptotics for the representation growth of these groups, and key analytic properties of their zeta functions, such as meromorphic continuation. We express the local factors of these zeta functions in terms of generating functions for finite Weyl groups of type B. This allows us to establish a formula for the joint distribution of three functions, or 'statistics', on such Weyl groups. Finally, we compare our explicit formulae to p-adic integrals associated to relative invariants of three infinite families of prehomogeneous vector spaces.

Christopher Voll

Papers

Functional equations for zeta functions of groups and rings

Representation zeta functions of nilpotent groups and generating functions for Weyl groups of type B

Representation zeta functions of compact $p$-adic analytic groups and arithmetic groups

Functional equations for zeta functions of groups and rings

Representation zeta functions of nilpotent groups and generating functions for Weyl groups of type B