Blending fine-grained case studies with overarching theory, this book seeks both to integrate Southeast Asia into world history and to rethink much of Eurasia's premodern past. It argues that Southeast Asia, Europe, Japan, China, and South Asia all embodied idiosyncratic versions of a Eurasian-wide pattern whereby local isolates cohered to form ever larger, more stable, more complex political and cultural systems. With accelerating force, climatic, commercial, and military stimuli joined to produce patterns of linear-cum-cyclic construction that became remarkably synchronized even between regions that had no contact with one another. Yet this study also distinguishes between two zones of integration, one where indigenous groups remained in control and a second where agency gravitated to external conquest elites. Here, then, is a fundamentally original view of Eurasia during a 1,000-year period that speaks to both historians of individual regions and those interested in global trends.

Strange parallels : Southeast Asia in global context, c 800-1830

Introduction 1. State gender ideologies and the women's health movement 2. Education 3. Early marriage 4. Citizenship 5. Polygamy 6. Motherhood 7. Economic exploitation 8. Violence Conclusion References Index.

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Women and the State in Modern Indonesia

Europe's place in history is re-assessed in this first comprehensive history of the ancient world, centering on the Indian Ocean and its role in pre-modern globalization. Philippe Beaujard presents an ambitious and comprehensive global history of the Indian Ocean world, from the earliest state formations to 1500 CE. Supported by a wealth of empirical data, full color maps, plates, and figures, he shows how Asia and Africa dominated the economic and cultural landscape and the flow of ideas in the pre-modern world. This led to a trans-regional division of labor and an Afro-Eurasian world economy. Beaujard questions the origins of capitalism and hints at how this world-system may evolve in the future. The result is a reorienting of world history, taking the Indian Ocean, rather than Europe, as the point of departure. Volume II provides in-depth coverage of the period from the seventh century CE to the fifteenth century CE.

The Worlds of the Indian Ocean: A Global History

Introduction 1. Sustainability and the crisis of transcendence 2. Circulatory and competitive histories 3. The historical logics of global modernity 4. Dialogical and radical transcendence 5. Dialogical transcendence and secular nationalism in the Sinosphere 6. The traffic between secularism and transcendence 7. Regions of circulation and networks of sustainability in Asia 8. Conclusion and epilogue: of reason and hope Index.

The Crisis of Global Modernity: Asian Traditions and a Sustainable Future

Bibliography – Archival Sources

Claudine Salmon ; Based essentially on sources emanating from the Chinese world, this article attempts to provide an overview of the Persian merchants who visited the various harbours of South China through the ages. The archaeological finds of the last decades show that sporadic relations between South China and the Persian world occurred before the coming of Islam and they would deserve to be analysed in the light of the difficulties encountered by merchants following the northern road. ; From the Tang onwards, thanks to various factors in China proper as well as in the Persian Golf, the maritime trade with the Muslim world developed tremendously. It even intensified during the second half of the 8th century in connection with the set-back of China in Transoxiana and in the area of Kashgar on the one hand, and with the foundation of the capital of the Abassids in Bagdad in 762 and the rise of maritime trade in the harbour of Bassora on the other. For the first time we clearly perceive in written sources the formation of Arabo-Persian communities in various harbours of South China, among others Canton and Yangzhou. ; With the fall of Kaifeng in 1126, the Song Dynasty lost its access to Central Asia; after the establishment of the new capital in Hangzhou the dynasty launched a new policy that was oriented towards maritime trade. For different reasons the Mongols developed a similar policy, relying extensively on Persians and other Muslims for commercial as well as administrative purposes. Thanks to this policy the Persians could control the economic life of the harbour of Quanzhou. Similarly, various measures taken by the new Ming Dynasty caused the decline of these Arabo-Persian communities in South China. ; If the Chinese sources are silent regarding the economic life of these communities, they nevertheless allow us to gain interesting insights into their social life and the way they gradually became integrated into the local society.

Les Persans à l'extrémité orientale de la route maritime (IIe A.E. -XVIIe siècle)

Claudine Salmon ; During the last decades several studies that were aimed at analysing the relations between Srivijaya and China, and more especially the tributary missions, have appeared. More recently the emphasis has been placed on the images of Srivijaya in the Chinese sources of the 13th and 14th centuries. In this paper we intend to reappraise the Srivijayan tributary missions to China, as reflected in the Chinese sources of the time. In so doing, we try to cast some lights on the rather complex relations between the two countries, as seen at the cultural and economic levels and to emphasise the subtile part played by the merchants of Chinese origin at the court of Srivijaya. These merchants who were commuting between Sumatra and South China, and who apparently mastered the cultures of the two States, were in fact the real carriers of the Srivijayan diplomacy towards the Song. On the one hand, they elaborated a sophisticated religious schemes - such as construction of a Buddhist temple in honor of Emperor Zhenzong in Srivijaya, repair of an Imperial sanctuary in Canton, etc. - that were aimed to please the Chinese emperors who in turn provided them with trade facilities. On the other hand, they acted on behalf of the rulers of Srivijaya, whose personalities remain shadowy in the Chinese sources, but who apparently contented themselves with the benefits they received in return. Worth noting is the fact that for the Song period there already existed a merchant community, engaged in commerce on an international scale. And depending on the needs of the day, these merchants acted in the name of one State or of the other. This may explain why the Song sources easily "confuse" the ethnic origins of these merchants. One may infer from this that during the Song a socio-economic model of the kind well known in later periods already existed.

Srivijaya, la Chine et les marchands chinois (Xe-XIIe s.). Quelques réflexions sur la société de l'empire sumatranais

It is worth pausing for a moment to consider the relationships that were able to exist between the expansion of Islam in the East Indies and the simultaneous formation of "Chinese" communities. These two phenomena are usually presented in opposition to one another and it is pointless here to insist on the numerous conflicting accounts, past and present.1 Nevertheless, properly considered, it quickly becomes apparent that this is a question of two parallel developments which had their origins in the urban environment, and which contributed to a large extent to the creation of "middle class" merchants, all driven by the same spirit of enterprise even though they were in lively competition with one another. Rather than insisting once more on the divergences which some would maintain are fundamental-going as far as to assert, against all the evidence, that the Chinese "could not imagine marrying outside their own nation," and that they remain unassimilable--we would like here to draw the reader's attention to a certain number of long-standing facts which allow a reversal of perspective.

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Islam and Chineseness

D'une facon generale ces tombes musulmanes sont rudimentaires, aucune notation d'annee n'a pu etre decelee sur les pierres tombales, la paleographie et le decor (zigzag, motifs d'etoile et decors vegetaux) peuvent avec prudence suggerer que ces sepultures sont anterieures au 13e siecle, certaines pourraient etre des 9e et 10e siecles. Presentation de 17 steles funeraires avec epigraphie et traduction

Rapport préliminaire sur la découverte de tombes musulmanes dans l'Ile de Hainan

Lombard-Salmon Claudine. The Han Family of East Java. Entrepreneurship and Politics (18th-19th Centuries). In: Archipel, volume 41, 1991. pp. 53-87.

Claudine Salmon

Papers

Les Persans à l'extrémité orientale de la route maritime (IIe A.E. -XVIIe siècle)

Srivijaya, la Chine et les marchands chinois (Xe-XIIe s.). Quelques réflexions sur la société de l'empire sumatranais

Islam and Chineseness

Rapport préliminaire sur la découverte de tombes musulmanes dans l'Ile de Hainan

The Han Family of East Java. Entrepreneurship and Politics (18th-19th Centuries)