The wet etching of GaN, AlN, and SiC is reviewed including conventional etching in aqueous solutions, electrochemical etching in electrolytes and defect-selective chemical etching in molten salts. The mechanism of each etching process is discussed. Etching parameters leading to highly anisotropic etching, dopant-type/bandgap selective etching, defect-selective etching, as well as isotropic etching are discussed. The etch pit shapes and their origins are discussed. The applications of wet etching techniques to characterize crystal polarity and defect density/distribution are reviewed. Additional applications of wet etching for device fabrication, such as producing crystallographic etch profiles, are also reviewed.

Wet etching of GaN, AlN, and SiC : a review

Surfactant assisted nano-composite cation exchanger: Development, characterization and applications for the removal of toxic Pb2+ from aqueous medium

On the chemical evolution of the carbonaceous chondrites

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses pyrolysis and combustion of cellulosic materials. Cellulosic materials form the bulk of the readily available natural fuels. Modern technology has caused a sharp decline in the value of wood and other cellulosic substances as fuel, but it has produced a significant increase in their application as industrial and constructional materials and has created a concerted emphasis on the problems of pyrolysis and combustion. The threat and magnitude of disastrous fires have been further enhanced with the development of modern incendiary and nuclear warfare. In comparison with the potential catastrophe of urban fires, the hazards of fire in the wildlands cannot be ignored or underestimated. Fire may be defined as the interaction among fuel, energy, and environment. The type and magnitude of any fire that either develops into a destructive force or into a useful tool depend on the supply of fuel. The paper and textile industries have been concerned about the aging, deterioration, and degradation of cellulosic materials at elevated temperatures for practical reasons.

Clément Duval

Papers

Inorganic Thermogravimetric Analysis