Heat transfer—A review of 1969 literature

The injection moulding of thermoplastic polymers involves, during mould filling, flows of hot melts into mould networks, the walls of which are so cold that frozen layers form on them. Theoretical analyses of such flows are presented here.

Injection moulding of thermoplastics: Freezing during mould filling

The present work gives an overview about the recent developments in research on freezing phenomena in forced convection flows inside ducts. Emphasis is given to the fundamental aspects of the phenomena observed in the solidification processes as well as on the analytical and numerical modelling aspects for this kind of problems. The paper deals with solidification problems inside tubes, parallel plate channels, curved rectangular channels and in diverging rectangular channels. Additionally, some new experimental and numerical results on solidification in duct flows are shown from the current research program in Darmstadt on freezing phenomena.

Freezing in forced convection flows inside ducts: A review

A simple numerical model is presented to predict the steady-state ice layers on the cooled walls inside a parallel plate channel for arbitrary entrance velocity profiles. The effect of two different entrance velocity distributions (a parabolic velocity distribution and a slug flow) on the shape of the ice-layers are examined. The quality of an approximative solution given in literature was checked by comparing with the numerical results. For the case of a fully developed parabolic velocity distribution at the entrance of the cooled channel the results are compared with experimental findings of Kikuchi [8]. A generally good agreement was found.

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Heat transfer and solidification of a laminar liquid flow in a cooled parallel plate channel: The stationary case

A numerical study is carried out on the conjugate thermal transport and solidification in polymer melts flowing through channels. A continuum model with the enthalpy formulation is used for a laminar, two-dimensional, axisymmetric, incompressible, and steady flow. The influences of axial diffusion, viscous dissipation, and temperature-dependent viscosity are included. A fully elliptic, control volume, finite difference method is employed to solve the governing equations. Numerical results are analyzed by examining the effects of outer wall temperature, Biot number, and mass flow rate. Isotherms and other results are also presented.

D. G. Lee

Papers

The Effect of Liquid Solidification in a Parallel Plate Channel Upon Laminar-Flow Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop