The paper deals with the environmental issues of agriculture. Examples are given that pose a threat to the vital activity of living organisms from various types of agricultural and human activities. The subject of the study is the analysis of environmental issues arising from the intensification of the development of agricultural industry. Intensive agricultural activity leads to pollution of surface rivers, lakes, seas and groundwater, soil degradation and aquatic ecosystems; violation of the water regime in large areas during drainage and irrigation; desertification due to wind erosion; destruction of natural habitats of living organisms of flora and fauna. An urgent problem of agriculture is a decrease in the content of vitamins and microelements in crop production and the accumulation of harmful substances in them. The reasons for these negative processes are soil degradation, intensification of agricultural production.

/pdf/environmental-issues-of-agriculture-as-a-consequence-of-the-54bd2666di.pdf

Environmental issues of agriculture as a consequence of the intensification of the development of agricultural industry

The paper discusses the main definitions and advantages of using GIS technologies in land management. The results of the implementation of the use of GIS technologies in agriculture are given, which will greatly facilitate the work of specialists. Work with various maps, digitization and explication of lands using the MapInfo geoinformation product is clearly presented. High-quality introduction of new technologies is necessary in Russia.

/pdf/gis-technologies-used-in-zoning-agricultural-land-for-51qbn433bj.pdf

GIS technologies used in zoning agricultural land for optimizing regional land use

The analysis of the use of the land fund of the Krasnodar Territory and the analysis of the rational use of land resources were conducted, using the following coefficients: coefficient of arable land, coefficient of plowing of the territory, and territory development coefficient. The paper discusses the techniques and methods of statistical analysis of the distribution of the land fund by categories of land in the Krasnodar Territory for 2005-2019. Since the area of land by categories changes in dynamics, the indicators of the growth rate, increase, and average values of the series were used. This gives an understanding of how intensively the land areas of the Krasnodar Territory change. The analysis of the use of the land fund of the Krasnodar Territory is necessary in order to determine the possibilities for a more rational and effective use of it, as well as to preserve and improve the quality of the land. Therefore, it is relevant.

/pdf/rational-use-of-land-resources-regional-aspect-27jc41vkcp.pdf

Rational use of land resources: regional aspect

The paper discusses a system of criteria that make it possible to assess the level of environmental safety of an enterprise. The model of the “nature-population-production” system and the very interaction of the system are presented. Environmental problems, problems of ecology of production, and consumption of natural resources lead to an increase in the rate of growth of production, which, in turn, leads to an increase in demand for resources, and as a consequence, to their irrational use, and then to massive emissions into the environment as waste. In order to improve the environmental situation in the country, some areas for improving the greening of the production sector are presented, which increase the efficiency of consumption and use of natural resources, while reducing environmental pollution by emissions, effluents, and waste. The main indicators that determine the level of environmental management are presented - indicators of resource intensity, an indicator of the degree of restoration of natural resources, and indicators of saving primary natural resources. All three indicators are part of the specific consumption of natural resources and can be used at the enterprise to control the consumption of natural resources, as well as in order to minimize waste through the use of secondary resources and low-waste technologies. The established ways of improving the greening of the production sector are able to improve the ecological situation in the regions of the country and establish the relationship between man, nature and the production sector.

/pdf/optimal-ways-to-improve-the-greening-of-the-production-18t8sh73g2.pdf

Optimal ways to improve the greening of the production sector

One of the important tasks is the photogrammetry application study in construction with the aim, namely, to determine the engineering structures‘ deformations, to study the engineering structures‘ models and to solve other problems. With the use of modern technologies, it is possible to make photogrammetric surveys of buildings and structures using certain methods of performing these works. Photogrammetry plays a significant role not only in architecture, construction and land management. Photogrammetric methods make it possible to solve some applied problems directly from the images economically and fairly accurately, for example, to measure the terrain areas, determine their slopes, obtain quantitative characteristics of erosion processes, and perform vertical planning with the determination of the earthwork amount. In the article, the main goal is to consider the implementation of architectural and construction measurements for the purpose of reconstruction and restoration of buildings, as well to complete visualization of the area of interest, performed using photogrammetric methods on the basis of aerial photographs. The analysis made allows us to conclude that both classical and modern digital photogrammetry can be used in architecture, construction and land management.

Application of photogrammetric methods in architecture, construction and land management

Optimization of the regeneration of the sodium-cation ion-exchange filter

The research relevance is conditioned by decrease in installations efficiency and high fuel consumption due to scale formation on heat-exchange surfaces, and conditioned by transition to ecologically clean, resource-saving power engineering and increase in hydrocarbon raw materials extraction efficiency. In this connection, this article aims at contact type heat generators application disclosing possibilities. The main approach to the study of this problem is the heat-transfer agent contact heating application. This article materials practical value is for complex heat supply systems engineers and designers.

D. V. Abornev

Papers

Optimization of the regeneration of the sodium-cation ion-exchange filter

New trends in the heat generators development with contact heating