https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1316165.pdf

Nanocellulose in biomedicine: Current status and future prospect

Nanocelluloses, including nanocrystalline cellulose, nanofibrillated cellulose and bacterial cellulose nanofibers, have become fascinating building blocks for the design of new biomaterials. Derived from the must abundant and renewable biopolymer, they are drawing a tremendous level of attention, which certainly will continue to grow in the future driven by the sustainability trend. This growing interest is related to their unsurpassed quintessential physical and chemical properties. Yet, owing to their hydrophilic nature, their utilization is restricted to applications involving hydrophilic or polar media, which limits their exploitation. With the presence of a large number of chemical functionalities within their structure, these building blocks provide a unique platform for significant surface modification through various chemistries. These chemical modifications are prerequisite, sometimes unavoidable, to adapt the interfacial properties of nanocellulose substrates or adjust their hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance. Therefore, various chemistries have been developed aiming to surface-modify these nano-sized substrates in order to confer to them specific properties, extending therefore their use to highly sophisticated applications. This review collocates current knowledge in the research and development of nanocelluloses and emphasizes more particularly on the chemical modification routes developed so far for their functionalization.

Key advances in the chemical modification of nanocelluloses

Production and modification of nanofibrillated cellulose using various mechanical processes: A review

Intensive exploration and research in the past few decades on polysaccharide nanocrystals, the highly crystalline nanoscale materials derived from natural resources, mainly focused originally on their use as a reinforcing nanophase in nanocomposites. However, these investigations have led to the emergence of more diverse potential applications exploiting the functionality of these nanomaterials. Based on the construction strategies of functional nanomaterials, this article critically and comprehensively reviews the emerging polysaccharide nanocrystal-based functional nanomaterials with special applications, such as biomedical materials, biomimetic optical nanomaterials, bio-inspired mechanically adaptive nanomaterials, permselective nanostructured membranes, template for synthesizing inorganic nanoparticles, polymer electrolytes, emulsion nano-stabilizer and decontamination of organic pollutants. We focus on the preparation, unique properties and performances of the different polysaccharide nanocrystal materials. At the same time, the advantages, physicochemical properties and chemical modifications of polysaccharide nanocrystals are also comparatively discussed in view of materials development. Finally, the perspective and current challenges of polysaccharide nanocrystals in future functional nanomaterials are outlined.

Preparation, properties and applications of polysaccharide nanocrystals in advanced functional nanomaterials: a review

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticlePDF/2016/GC/C5GC02500A

Review: nanocelluloses as versatile supports for metal nanoparticles and their applications in catalysis

Extraction and comparison of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from bleached sugarcane bagasse pulp using two different oxidation methods.

Developing bionanocomposites from renewable biomass is a viable supplement for materials produced from mineral and fossil fuel resources. In this study, nanocomposites composed of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared and used as bifunctional nanofillers to improve the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of waterborne polyurethane (WPU). Morphology, structure and performance of the CCNs/AgNPs nanocomposites and WPU-based films were investigated. WPU-based composite films were homogeneous and reinforced. The WPU/CCNs/AgNPs composite showed excellent antimicrobial properties in killing both Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus. The CCNs/AgNPs nanocomposites could be applied as bifunctional nanofillers within WPU.

Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Composites as Bifunctional Nanofillers within Waterborne Polyurethane

Synthesis of Ag nanopaticles was carried out with carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as the scaffolds by reducing metallic cations using NaBH4. Ag particles with a size less than 10 nm were readily prepared and dispersed well. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals supplied a coordination effect to adsorb metallic cations and Ag nanoparticles, which prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles. The carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals carrying Ag nanoparticles were used as labels for electrical detection of DNA hybridization.

Dan Wang

Papers

Extraction and comparison of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from bleached sugarcane bagasse pulp using two different oxidation methods.

Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Composites as Bifunctional Nanofillers within Waterborne Polyurethane

Preparation of silver nanoparticles on cellulose nanocrystals and the application in electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization

Synthesis and characterization of Ag–Pd alloy nanoparticles/carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals nanocomposites

Properties of rosin-based waterborne polyurethanes/cellulose nanocrystals composites