Minimizing energy consumption for artificial lighting in a typical classroom of a Hellenic public school aiming for near Zero Energy Building using LED DC luminaires and daylight harvesting systems

Gray water recycling and economical use of rainwater can be a valuable alternative source of water, especially for non-potable uses. These sources are seen as the basis of change in waters management, which gives a possibility of protection of still shrinking water resources. Taking into account continuing urbanization and population growth in the world, not only the management of water resources requires a change in attitudes, but also the management and conservation of conventional fuels that energy is generated of, and that are required for the development and functioning of urban areas. Bearing this in mind, some studies have been performed in order to establish the cost-effectiveness of application systems capable of reducing the demand for tap water and electricity used to heat it. A financial analysis with an application of the Life Cycle Cost methodology has been conducted for a multi-family residential building for seven different variants of installation of water and sewage, which assumed the use of the following solutions: gray water harvesting system, rainwater harvesting system and drain water heat recovery units. This analysis showed that the use of these systems in the tested building is financially viable, despite the fact that their implementation is associated with incurring higher investment cost than in the base case (Variant 0). The study was expanded by a sensitivity analysis on the basis of which it was possible to conclude that the project involving the use of alternative sources of pending water and energy in this building is only slightly susceptible to changes in calculation parameters.

Analysis of profitability of rainwater harvesting, gray water recycling and drain water heat recovery systems

Building energy audit, thermal comfort, and IAQ assessment of a school building: A case study

A method to assess lighting quality in educational rooms using analytic hierarchy process

A systematic review of human perceptual dimensions of sound: Meta-analysis of semantic differential method applications to indoor and outdoor sounds

Indoor environmental quality of classrooms and occupants' comfort in a special education school in Slovak Republic

Designing solar strategies is a powerful step forward to set up an adequate residential house in terms of energy. Many types of research have simulated the energy needs for residential buildings. Designing an improper installation can contribute to a growth in the overall energy expenditure in ensuring thermal comfort. The use of solar thermal processes in Slovakia is on a rise as compared to recent years. This study models twelve solar water heating systems created on the roof of the household. Solar energy techniques are carried out to comply with the demands of heating and domestic hot water. The analysis deals with the most efficient alternative for the arranged solar systems of the building. Considering these installations and the corresponding overall prices of machinery, the best workable alternative is selected. The potential energy performance of auxiliary heating and the energy output of the solar thermal installation are examined. The required amounts of the different energy contributions are modelled and simulated in specific software for a family house in Kosice, Slovakia. We determine the limits of the design for an apartment and analyse which procedure is used to provide the typical average water expenditure and heating need, covering a multi-criteria analysis considering costs, energy, and life cycle analysis of every installation. This approach can support professionals to decide the best scheme considering these criteria, and this method can be satisfactorily applied. In these conditions, converting a conventional gas boiler into a solar thermal system involves monthly economic savings of around EUR 140–250, with payback periods of 2.5–7 years. The energy requirements are fully covered by the solar thermal schemes and the life cycle assessment resulted in reasonable impacts on the environment.

/pdf/life-cycle-assessment-and-economic-energy-efficiency-of-a-35009b3lxv.pdf

Life Cycle Assessment and Economic Energy Efficiency of a Solar Thermal Installation in a Family House

This paper emphasizes the importance of environmental protection regarding the reduction of energy consumption while maintaining living standards. The aim of the research is to observe the effects of mechanical and natural ventilation on energy consumption and building operation as well as indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The results of indoor environmental quality testing show that the mean relative humidity (31%) is in the permissible range (30%–70%); the mean CO2 concentration (1050.5 ppm) is above the recommended value of 1000 ppm according to Pettenkofer; and the mean PM10 concentration (43.5 µg/m3) is under the limit value of 50 µg/m3. A very large positive correlation is found between relative humidity and concentration of CO2 as well as between the concentration of PM5 and the concentration of CO2. The most commonly occurring sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms are found to be fatigue and the feeling of a heavy head.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/21/4133/pdf

Investigation of a Ventilation System for Energy Efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality in a Renovated Historical Building: A Case Study.

The paper deal with quality in selected ventilated classroom. The basic assumption for a healthy indoor environment and optimum occupant performance is adequate fresh air amount without the physical and chemical pollutants. The physical and chemical pollutants in indoor environment are also produced by occupants. The carbon dioxide (CO2) as chemical pollutant is produced by occupants respecting human activities. The carbon dioxide production is 4 percents of the total air exhaled amount at the temperature of 34°C to 36°C.

Indoor environment, air quality, ventilation rates – numerical CFD simulations, calculations and measuring apparatus application

The summer months are increasingly seeing a lot of hot days. Therefore, increasing demands for air conditioning in dwelling houses, hospitals, hotels, workspaces, and the other commercial buildings. In many countries air conditioning is the biggest consumer of energy in the buildings. Reducing energy consumption we can achieve in different ways.The article deals with reducing energy for cooling the various alternatives ventilation and solar cooling. The room under simulation was ventilated by six methods. Of these 6 cook lowest energy consumption and CO2 production had ventilation 90% overnight and 10% over day. Subsequently, using absorption refrigeration unit, powered by heat from the sun. In this case the power consumption is reduced to a minimum.

Danica Košičanová

Papers

Indoor environmental quality of classrooms and occupants' comfort in a special education school in Slovak Republic

Life Cycle Assessment and Economic Energy Efficiency of a Solar Thermal Installation in a Family House

Investigation of a Ventilation System for Energy Efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality in a Renovated Historical Building: A Case Study.

Indoor environment, air quality, ventilation rates – numerical CFD simulations, calculations and measuring apparatus application

Reducing energy consumption with using ventilation and solar cooling, school building’s case study