This Handbook is a description of the complex process that comprises drilling a geothermal well. The focus of the detailed Chapters covering various aspects of the process (casing design, cementing, logging and instrumentation, etc) is on techniques and hardware that have proven successful in geothermal reservoirs around the world. The Handbook will eventually be linked to the Geothermal Implementing Agreement (GIA) web site, with the hope and expectation that it can be continually updated as new methods are demonstrated or proven.

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Handbook of Best Practices for Geothermal Drilling

Slotted liners are used extensively in the majority of steam assisted gravity drainage operations conducted in Western Canada due to their superior mechanical strength and integrity in contrast to other mechanical sand control devices. These liners are required due to the generally poorly or unconsolidated nature of the majority of formations in which SAGD applications are conducted. These liners can have a variety of configurations with varying slot density, slotting patterns, slot apertures and slot internal geometries. The overall objective of a successful slotted liner design is to ensure that the liner allows the maximum production of bitumen and other fluids with a minimum pressure drop, while retaining the majority of the formation sand and preventing infill of the horizontal section of the well with solids and erosion and failure of downhole pumps and surface equipment. This paper describes a detailed lab test protocol which was successfully developed over a number years for the design and evaluation of slot geometry for SAGD applications, describes test procedures used and quantifies some of the major mechanisms discovered that lead to the plugging of slots. It has been found that in addition to grain size of the sand under consideration and slot geometry, that clay content of the formation, flow velocity, wetting phase type and pH play crucial roles in the plugging mechanism of slotted liners. Clay plugging at the top portion of the slots has been found to be the dominant damage mechanism.

Protocols for Slotted Liner Design for Optimum SAGD Operation

A drill-in liner assembly including a tubular and a plurality of substantially oriented openings in the tubular arranged in a pattern; the pattern selected to substantially maintain torsional strength of the tubular while facilitating in-flow of target fluid. Also including a plurality of beaded matrix plugs disposed within one or more of the plurality of openings such that torsional load placed upon the plurality of openings in the tubular is borne by the plugs. An erosion resistant filtering arrangement including a tubular, a plurality of openings in the tubular arranged in a pattern, and a plurality of beaded matrix plugs disposed within one or more of the plurality of openings.

Device and system for well completion and control and method for completing and controlling a well

https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/preview/244954/MOHAMMED%202019%20Casing%20structural.pdf

Casing structural integrity and failure modes in a range of well types: a review.

An Investigation of the Plugging Mechanisms in a Slotted Liner from the Steam Assisted Gravity Operations

A Moineau stator includes a tube (10) having lobes (3) arranged in a configuration which is adapted to interact with a rotor and formed through a hydroforming process.

Stator of a moineau-pump

A method for distributing injection fluid in a horizontal well bore in fluid communication with hydrocarbon bearing formation begins by determining flow resistance characteristics of the formation along at least a portion of the length of the horizontal well bore. An injection tubing string having a sidewall defining a tubing bore is injected into the horizontal well bore. The tubing string is provided with ports having a selected distribution and geometry. The annulus geometry is selectively controlled along the length of the tubing string through at least one of axial distribution of eccentricity and flow area of the annulus, so as to provide selected flow restriction characteristics along the annulus, such that when injection fluid is pumped into the tubing, a resulting flow resistance network is formed by the tubing bore, the ports, the annulus and the formation, resulting in a desired distribution of the fluid into the formation.

A method for providing a preferential specific injection distribution from a horizontal injection well

Post-Yield Thermal Design Basis for Slotted Liner

Use of slotted liner as a sand control device is widespread in SAGD operations in Western Canada. Operating temperatures in such thermal EOR wells can be extreme, sometimes exceeding 270°C (518°F), and the associated compressive axial mechanical strain imposed by constrained thermal expansion can load the pipe material beyond its proportional limit. Selection of an appropriate slotted liner configuration is critical to ensure that structural stability (and hence sand control) is reliably maintained during operation. Mechanical properties of the tubular material at elevated temperature strongly influence the compressive stability of the liner structure, but lower-temperature properties also affect the ease of pipe slotting on a production scale, which is typically achieved by plunging thin saw blades through the pipe wall. Common slotting issues include breakage or unacceptably high blade wear rates. This paper describes the developmental basis for a new tubular material formulation that is specifically optimized for thermal structural stability in SAGD applications without compromising slotting performance. Elevated-temperature mechanical properties are designed to prevent compressive buckling failures and to minimize strain localization potential. Results of analytical and experimental work (including stability analysis of the liner structure, thermo-mechanical material testing, and bench-scale slotting trials) are described.

Daniel Dall'Acqua

Papers

Stator of a moineau-pump

A method for providing a preferential specific injection distribution from a horizontal injection well

Post-Yield Thermal Design Basis for Slotted Liner

Development of an Optimized Tubular Material for Thermal Slotted Liner Completions

Burst and Collapse Responses of Production Casing in Thermal Applications