Abstract Research on the different components of fluid intelligence and how they relate to each other is quite extensive. Meanwhile, when it comes to crystallized intelligence, only vocabulary size has been somewhat thoroughly studied, while other key components, such as general knowledge, remain largely unexplored. This study aims to further our understanding of general knowledge as a key component of crystallized intelligence, and of general intelligence as a whole, by exploring how it is influenced by other components of intelligence. To that end, we had 90 participants complete an extensive general knowledge questionnaire, as well as several tests aimed at measuring various components of intelligence, and computed linear regressions to examine how these various components influence general knowledge scores. Our results reveal that, even though general intelligence is able to predict general knowledge scores, only some specific components of intelligence have a direct positive impact on general knowledge. These findings are discussed in regard to intellectual investment theories on the relationship between fluid and crystallized intelligence. 

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Intelligence subcomponents and their relationship to general knowledge

Introduction. The executive functions are a set of cognitive processes of a higher order thatdirect our behavior and cognition, being at the service of a goal that we have previously set.Objective and research hypothesis. In this context we propose to analyze the psychometric properties of the Executive Skills Questionnaire - teen version (Dawson, and Gaure, 2010), in a Spanish sample - reliability: (internal consistency) and validity - internal structure (factorial analysis). The research hypothesis that underlies it is that Executive Skills Questionnaire - teen version adapted to Spanish presents adequate psychometric properties to be applied in professional practice.Results There is a clear independence in the adult age of the dimensions: working memory, inhibition of automatic responses and sustained attention. The results indicate that the dimensions that configure executive functioning - regardless of the number of factors - can be grouped in relation to two large areas - cold versus hot - depending on the involvement or not of emotional processing; On the other hand, there is a clear independence ofworking memory and inhibition of automatic responses.Conclusions. The results obtained from this preliminary study allow us to affirm that Executive Skills Questionnaire - teen version is a valid and reliable instrument in the evaluation of executive functions, nevertheless, to insist that it cannot be used to diagnose deficits independently and / or isolated.

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Executive Skills Questionnaire: estudio preliminar de propiedades psicométricas en una muestra española

BAT-7 is a new psychometric tool for assessing three intellectual domains, general factor (g), fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc), and eight cognitive abilities: Verbal (V), Spatial (E), Attention (A) and Concentration (CON), Reasoning (R), Numerical (N), Mechanical (M) and Orthography (O). It consists of three forms of increasing difficulty (E, M and S) and it is focused on the assessment of school and college students, as well as adults with different educational background. The present study aims to provide a description of the BAT-7 development and the main features of it, and a summary of its psychometric properties, mainly its reliability and validity. BAT-7 was administered to a Spanish standardization sample of 4,263 students (age between 12 and 18) and 1,507 adults. Reliability was studied with ordinal alpha, Cronbach’s alpha and tests information functions. Validity was explored by multigroup CFA. 3P IRT model showed a statistical fit for all items. Ordinal alpha ranged from .79 to .91 for test scores and from .91 to .97 for composite scores. The model based on CHC theory showed a good fit to the observed data (RMSEA=.034; SRMR=.026; CFI=.981). The results, in terms of TRI model fitting, reliability and validity, suggest that the BAT-7 is a useful, flexible and highly reliable test for assessing the cognitive abilities, and provide evidences supporting the use of the battery for the assessment of intellectual abilities in children and adults. An estimate of general ability (g), fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc) also can be obtained by applying the BAT-7.

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David Arribas Águila

Papers

BAT-7, batería de aptitudes de TEA: descripción y datos psicométricos