There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

1. Introduction 2. Theoretical foundations 3. Propagation and focusing of optical fields 4. Spatial resolution and position accuracy 5. Nanoscale optical microscopy 6. Near-field optical probes 7. Probe-sample distance control 8. Light emission and optical interaction in nanoscale environments 9. Quantum emitters 10. Dipole emission near planar interfaces 11. Photonic crystals and resonators 12. Surface plasmons 13. Forces in confined fields 14. Fluctuation-induced phenomena 15. Theoretical methods in nano-optics Appendices Index.

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Principles of nano-optics

Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) has been observed in a dilute gas of sodium atoms. A Bose-Einstein condensate consists of a macroscopic population of the ground state of the system, and is a coherent state of matter. In an ideal gas, this phase transition is purely quantum-statistical. The study of BEC in weakly interacting systems which can be controlled and observed with precision holds the promise of revealing new macroscopic quantum phenomena that can be understood from first principles.

Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms

Thank you very much for downloading principles of fluorescence spectroscopy. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this principles of fluorescence spectroscopy, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer. principles of fluorescence spectroscopy is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the principles of fluorescence spectroscopy is universally compatible with any devices to read.

Principles Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

To say that this is the best book on the quantum theory of fields is no praise, since to my knowledge it is the only book on this subject But it is a very good and most useful book The original was written in German and appeared in 1942 This is a translation with some minor changes A few remarks have been added, concerning meson theory and nuclear forces, also footnotes referring to modern work in this field, and finally an appendix on the symmetrization of the energy momentum tensor according to Belinfante Quantum Theory of Fields Prof Gregor Wentzel Translated from the German by Charlotte Houtermans and J M Jauch Pp ix + 224, (New York and London: Interscience Publishers, Inc, 1949) 36s

Quantum Theory of Fields

This paper presents an overview and performance analysis of a software-programmable domain-customizable System-on-Chip (SoC) overlay for low-latency inferencing of variable and low-precision Machine Learning (ML) networks targeting Internet-of-Things (IoT) edge devices. The SoC includes a 2-D processor array that can be customized at design time for FPGA logic families. The overlay resolves historic issues of poor designer productivity associated with traditional Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) design flows without the performance losses normally incurred by overlays. A standard Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) allows different ML networks to be quickly compiled and run on the overlay without the need to resynthesize. Performance results are presented that show the overlay achieves $1.3\times-8.0\times$ speedup over custom designs while still allowing rapid changes to ML algorithms on the FPGA through standard compilation.

A Customizable Domain-Specific Memory-Centric FPGA Overlay for Machine Learning Applications

Traditionally, comparisons between existing machines have been performed by running a common set of benchmarks on each machine of interest, and comparing the results. Comparisons between conceptual and prototype machines have been performed by developing simulations or queuing models for each machine of interest, and comparing the results. In both cases, the analysis is usually driven by workloads that only approximate a target application. While these techniques provide information about a machine's ability to execute a general class of problem, they do not provide much insight into a machine's ability to execute a specific problem. We have designed a machine independent graphical intermediate form (PIF) for parallel programs capable of supporting parallelism at all granularity levels based on a data flow graph intermediate form. The PIF contains attributes necessary for understanding the execution order of program operations and the degree of parallelism contained at each level of the program, for graphically displaying the program, and the information necessary for partitioning the program onto a machine. PIF provides an explicit graphical representation of a program's parallel operations not found in high level textual programs. An architecture characterization is performed combining the performance information generated from non-deterministic queuing models for characterizing interconnection networks with the deterministic information generated for static CPU operations to predict program execution times. The ability to predict memory access and communications times can be further refined from the generalized model from observing the actual access frequencies and patterns generated during the execution of the application. Parallel profile plots showing the step by step level of parallelism contained within the program are computed and displayed to the user. The maximum degree of parallelism is easily seen in the parallel profile, showing the maximum amount of parallelism available for execution on the available resources. The critical path is also computed providing a lower bounds on the execution time of the application.

Application specific analysis of parallel computing systems

Photonics technology and instrumentation

To understand the forces and dynamics of two or more neutral particles trapped within an optical beam, careful consideration of the influence of inter-particle forces is required. The well-known, field-independent intrinsic force is known to derive from the Casimir-Polder interaction. However, the magnitude of this force may be over-ridden by the effect known as optical binding, in cases when the laser beam is of sufficient intensity. This binding interaction is completely independent of optomechanical effects relating to optical tweezers, and involves a stimulated (pairwise) forward-scattering process. Unlike the Casimir-Polder coupling, optical binding is not always an attractive force when both particles are in their ground state. Associated with optical binding are potential energy surfaces, which reveal intricate patterns of local minima – sets of positions in which one of the particles will sit at equilibrium (with the other notionally set at the origin). These optical energy landscapes, which can be illustrated by use of contour diagrams, have mostly been considered for systems in which spherical particles are optically bound. The effect of different particle shapes, for example tube-like structures, can also be explored. Moreover, although the theory of conventional optical binding generally assumes situations in which both particles reside in their ground states, new results arise when individual particles are excited to a higher electronic state. Although, in the experimentally most convenient structural configuration (for tumbling spherical particles), pairwise optical binding vanishes in the short-range region, novel effects can arise as a result of non-zero optical binding between three neighbouring particles.

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David L. Andrews

Papers

A Customizable Domain-Specific Memory-Centric FPGA Overlay for Machine Learning Applications

Application specific analysis of parallel computing systems

Photonics technology and instrumentation

Sculpting optical energy landscapes for multi-particle nanoscale assembly

Applications of Time-resolved Optical Spectroscopy