Showing papers by "David W. Dunstan published in 2006"

Community Center–Based Resistance Training for the Maintenance of Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract: OBJECTIVE —The purpose of this study was to determine whether beneficial effects on glycemic control of an initial laboratory-supervised resistance training program could be sustained through a community center–based maintenance program. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —We studied 57 overweight (BMI ≥27 kg/m 2 ) sedentary men and women aged 40–80 years with established (>6 months) type 2 diabetes. Initially, all participants attended a twice-weekly 2-month supervised resistance training program conducted in the exercise laboratory. Thereafter, participants undertook a resistance training maintenance program (2 times/week) for 12 months and were randomly assigned to carry this out either in a community fitness and recreation center (center) or in their domestic environment (home). Glycemic control (HbA 1c [A1C]) was assessed at 0, 2, and 14 months. RESULTS —Pooling data from the two groups for the 2-month supervised resistance training program showed that compared with baseline, mean A1C fell by −0.4% [95% CI −0.6 to −0.2]. Within-group comparisons showed that A1C remained lower than baseline values at 14 months in the center group (−0.4% [−0.7 to −0.03]) but not in the home group (−0.1% [−0.4 to 0.3]). However, no between-group differences were observed at each time point. Changes in A1C during the maintenance period were positively associated with exercise adherence in the center group only. CONCLUSIONS —Center-based but not home-based resistance training was associated with the maintenance of modestly improved glycemic control from baseline, which was proportional to program adherence. Our findings emphasize the need to develop and test behavioral methods to promote healthy lifestyles including increased physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Beneficial Associations of Physical Activity With 2-h but Not Fasting Blood Glucose in Australian Adults The AusDiab Study

Abstract: OBJECTIVE —We examined the associations of physical activity with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and with 2-h postload plasma glucose (2-h PG) in men and women with low, moderate, and high waist circumference RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study provided data on a population-based cross-sectional sample of 4,108 men and 5,106 women aged ≥25 years without known diabetes or health conditions that could affect physical activity FPG and 2-h PG were obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test Self-reported physical activity level was defined according to the current public health guidelines as active (≥150 min/week across five or more sessions) or inactive ( RESULTS —Being physically active and total physical activity time were independently and negatively associated with 2-h PG When physical activity level was considered within each waist circumference category, 2-h PG was significantly lower in active high–waist circumference women (β −030 [95% CI −059 to −001], P = 0044) and active low–waist circumference men (β −025 [−049 to −002], P = 0036) compared with their inactive counterparts Considered across physical activity and waist circumference categories, 2-h PG levels were not significantly different between active moderate–waist circumference participants and active low–waist circumference participants Associations between physical activity and FPG were nonsignificant CONCLUSIONS —There are important differences between 2-h PG and FPG related to physical activity It appears that 2-h PG is more sensitive to the beneficial effects of physical activity, and these benefits occur across the waist circumference spectrum