https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/STR.0000000000000407

2022 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

European society for vascular surgery (ESVS) 2023 Clinical practice guidelines on the management of atherosclerotic carotid and vertebral artery disease.

http://www.jthjournal.org/article/S1538783622190422/pdf

ISTH guidelines for antithrombotic treatment in COVID‐19

Ischemic stroke is caused primarily by an interruption in cerebral blood flow, which induces severe neural injuries, and is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Thus, it is of great necessity to further detailly elucidate the mechanisms of ischemic stroke and find out new therapies against the disease. In recent years, efforts have been made to understand the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, including cellular excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, cell death processes, and neuroinflammation. In the meantime, a plethora of signaling pathways, either detrimental or neuroprotective, are also highly involved in the forementioned pathophysiology. These pathways are closely intertwined and form a complex signaling network. Also, these signaling pathways reveal therapeutic potential, as targeting these signaling pathways could possibly serve as therapeutic approaches against ischemic stroke. In this review, we describe the signaling pathways involved in ischemic stroke and categorize them based on the pathophysiological processes they participate in. Therapeutic approaches targeting these signaling pathways, which are associated with the pathophysiology mentioned above, are also discussed. Meanwhile, clinical trials regarding ischemic stroke, which potentially target the pathophysiology and the signaling pathways involved, are summarized in details. Conclusively, this review elucidated potential molecular mechanisms and related signaling pathways underlying ischemic stroke, and summarize the therapeutic approaches targeted various pathophysiology, with particular reference to clinical trials and future prospects for treating ischemic stroke. 

/pdf/signaling-pathways-involved-in-ischemic-stroke-molecular-c2737s2w.pdf

Signaling pathways involved in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is one of the most frequent causes of stroke worldwide and confers one of the greatest risks of recurrent stroke compared with other causes of stroke. Asymptomatic ICAS is increasingly recognised as a risk factor for silent brain infarctions and dementia, magnifying the global burden of ICAS. Although ICAS is a lumen-based diagnosis, newer diagnostic imaging techniques, such as high-resolution MRI, might help to identify high-risk population subgroups to test interventions that might reduce the risk of stroke recurrence. Secondary stroke prevention in patients with ICAS currently consists of intensive management of modifiable risk factors and dual antiplatelet therapy, which is subsequently reduced to aspirin alone. Despite these therapies, the risk of recurrent stroke in patients presenting with stroke related to 70-99% ICAS exceeds 20% at 1 year; as such, better therapies are urgently needed. The optimal duration and combination of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with ICAS is uncertain and is being investigated in addition to low-dose anticoagulation and aspirin. Other ongoing or planned studies will provide high-quality observational data on the role of transluminal angioplasty and stenting, submaximal balloon angioplasty alone, direct or indirect arterial bypass, and ischaemic conditioning for prevention of stroke in patients with ICAS. 

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment.

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/STR.0000000000000375

2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

Debbie Lombardi-Hill

Papers

2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association