Modern Antenna Design

Summary
Integrated frameworks have extended the applications of networks beyond a simple data sharing unit. Simultaneously, operating networks can form a layered structure that can operate as homogeneous as well as dissociated units. Networks using unmanned aerial vehicles follow similar criteria in their operability. Unmanned aerial vehicles can act as single searching unit controlled by human or can form an aerial swarm that can fly autonomously with the capability of forming an aerial network. Such aerial swarms are categorized as aerial ad hoc networks. Cooperation amongst different networks can be realized using various frameworks, models, architectures and middlewares. Several solutions have been developed that can provide easy network deployment of aerial nodes. However, a combined literature is not present that provides a comparison between these approaches. Keeping this in view, various cooperative approaches for similar formation using aerial vehicles have been discussed in this paper. The detailed study and comparative analysis of these approaches have been included. Further, the paper also includes various software solutions and their comparisons based on common parameters. Finally, various open issues have been discussed that can provide insight of ongoing research and problems that are yet to be resolved in these networks. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cooperative frameworks and network models for flying ad hoc networks: a survey

From smart parking towards autonomous valet parking: A survey, challenges and future Works

The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly part of daily life. However, the development of IoT applications still faces many problems, such as heterogeneity, complex management, and other difficulties. In this paper, first, the open source technologies of IoT are surveyed. We compare these technologies from the point of view of different levels of technical requirements, such as device management, data management, communication, intelligent data processing, security and privacy protection; we also look at requirements of application development and deployment. Second, an IoT integrated development platform architecture for IoT applications based on open source ecosystem is proposed and evaluated in an industrial setting. We applied P2P technology to distributed resource management and blockchain-based smart contract mechanics for resource billing management. The results show that the IoT gateway based on an open source ecosystem had a stable and reliable system performance with a certain data size and concurrency scale. These conditions satisfy the application requirements of the IoT in most sensing environments.

An Integrated Platform for the Internet of Things Based on an Open Source Ecosystem

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a fundamental role in connecting the ecological things around us to a network. It helps us monitor the parameters of the things with the usage of sensors that are familiarize for remote sensing of the specific data and forward the information over the network cloud by means of Internet Connection. This paper centers around the idea of knowing the status of parking availability in a parking lot through Internet with the help of Internet of Things Technology. This uses Ultrasonic sensor to detect the vehicle in the parking slot, TTGO-ESP32-LoRa (transmitter) boards placed at different parking lots in different places to transmit the data. TTGO-ESP32-LoRa (receiver) receives the data which is placed near to the parking lots and also sends the slot information to IBM Watson IoT platform through WiFi protocol present in the Esp32 board. The status of the parking availability can also be viewed in the Android Phone

An IoT Based Smart Parking System Using LoRa

This paper focuses on the concept of car parking detection mechanism using the ultrasonic sensor, in combination with the usage of Internet of Things i.e. sending the status of the parking slot to the Internet. Through which the user at any place in the world can see which parking slot is empty and where to park. This is done by sending the data of ultrasonic sensor through our Wi-Fi module that is ESP8266 to any open source easy to use IOT platform that uses HTTP to display our data (thingspeak.com in this case).

Automatic car parking system with visual indicator along with IoT

This paper is aimed at developing a swarm unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network for motion in free space controlled by an algorithm depending on axis-aligned minimum bounding space, and a collision is avoided by the use of a collision-free trajectory planning algorithm depending on the position of the UAVs by implementing the optimization technique named particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for intelligent features. PSO is an algorithm where each quad has its own information and also combined information of the environment due to their interaction. Wireless network was used in swarm UAVs implementation to connect to a server processor that analyses the PSO equation and controls the quadcopters. This experiment includes 3 UAVs and one object as target (Stationary and Moving).

PSO Algorithm in Quadcopter Cluster for Unified Trajectory Planning Using Wireless Ad Hoc Network

An unique artificial ground plane is composed of several aperiodic rectangular AMC cell (RAMC) structure. In this paper, we have designed and employed it as a ground plane of the printed antenna. A conventional antenna fabricated on a PCB using microstrip techniques is also designed for comparison of the performance parameters. For demonstration, both the antennas have been designed, implemented and compared. The Aperiodic AMC loaded microstrip antenna has a very high efficiency where as the conventional microstrip antenna has an effectively lower efficiency within the operating frequency band. Also, the Aperiodic FSS based AMC loaded microstrip antenna has more gain, wider bandwidth, and good radiation characteristics when compared to the conventional microstrip antenna.

Design of Aperiodic Artificial Magnetic Conductor in Patch Antenna For Microwave Frequencies

To ensure data security and safeguard sensitive information in society, image encryption and decryption as well as pixel data modifications, are essential. To avoid misuse and preserve trust in our digital environment, it is crucial to use these technologies responsibly and ethically. So, to overcome some of the issues, the authors designed a way to modify pixel data that would hold the hidden information. The objective of this work is to change the pixel values in a way that can be used to store information about black and white image pixel data. Prior to encryption and decryption, by using Python we were able to construct a passcode with hand gestures in the air, then encrypt it without any data loss. It concentrates on keeping track of simply two pixel values. Thus, pixel values are slightly changed to ensure the masked image is not misleading. Considering that the RGB values are at their border values of 254, 255 the test cases of masking overcome issues with the corner values susceptibility.

https://ijritcc.org/index.php/ijritcc/article/download/6394/5809

Encryption and Decryption of Images with Pixel Data Modification Using Hand Gesture Passcodes

Given the steadily growing importance of D2D communication, a resource allocation scheme aimed at maximizing the spectrum utilization by minimizing transmission length of D2D link is proposed. The proposed scheme illustrates the existence of RBs in time and frequency domain and performs power control within set Cellular to Device (C2D) and Device to Cellular (D2C) Constraints. Mixed integer programming (MIP) which is an NP complete problem is suggested to formulate interference issues. Proposed column generation method is the solution for NP problem which is achieved by reducing it to a pricing problem that focus to solve restricted master problem before proceeding for the next step. The pricing issue is iteratively solved by a combination of a distance based and greedy heuristic algorithm. The numerical results represented optimum minimum distance between suggested cellular user and device to device link user.

Deepika Rani Sona

Papers

Automatic car parking system with visual indicator along with IoT

PSO Algorithm in Quadcopter Cluster for Unified Trajectory Planning Using Wireless Ad Hoc Network

Design of Aperiodic Artificial Magnetic Conductor in Patch Antenna For Microwave Frequencies

Encryption and Decryption of Images with Pixel Data Modification Using Hand Gesture Passcodes

Resource management for maximum spectrum utilization in D2D cellular communication