Este libro describe un importante conjunto de habilidades clave que aumentan el aprendizaje mas profundo, la preparacion para la universidad y la carrera, el aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante y el pensamiento de orden superior. Estas etiquetas incluyen habilidades cognitivas y no cognitivas, como pensamiento critico, resolucion de problemas, colaboracion, comunicacion efectiva, motivacion, persistencia y aprender a aprender. Las habilidades del siglo XXI tambien incluyen creatividad, innovacion y etica que son importantes para el exito posterior y pueden desarrollarse en entornos de aprendizaje formales o informales. Este informe tambien describe como estas habilidades se relacionan entre si y con las habilidades y contenidos academicos mas tradicionales en las disciplinas clave de lectura, matematicas y ciencias. Educacion para la vida y el trabajo: Desarrollar conocimientos y habilidades transferibles en el siglo XXI resume los hallazgos de la investigacion que investiga la importancia de tales habilidades para el exito en la educacion, el trabajo y otras areas de responsabilidad adulta y que demuestra la importancia de desarrollar estas habilidades. en la educacion K-16. En este informe, se identifican caracteristicas relacionadas con el aprendizaje de estas habilidades, que incluyen desarrollo profesional docente, curriculo, evaluacion, programas extraescolares y extraescolares y centros de aprendizaje informal como exhibiciones y museos.

Education for Life and Work: Developing Transferable Knowledge and Skills in the 21st Century

In a randomised controlled study, 41 executives in a public health agency received 360-degree feedback, a half-day leadership workshop, and four individual coaching sessions over 10 weeks. The coaching used a cognitive-behavioural solution-focused approach. Quantitative and qualitative measures were taken. This is the first published randomised controlled study in which coaching was conducted by professional executive coaches external to the organisation. Compared to controls, coaching enhanced goal attainment, increased resilience and workplace well-being and reduced depression and stress. Qualitative responses indicated participants found coaching helped increase self-confidence and personal insight, build management skills and helped participants deal with organisational change. Findings indicate that short-term coaching can be effective, and that evidence-based executive coaching can be valuable as an applied positive psychology in helping people deal with the uncertainly and challenges inherent in or...

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Executive coaching enhances goal attainment, resilience and workplace well-being: a randomised controlled study

In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the recent international experience with active labor market programs (ALMPs). Basing the evidence on the growing body of program evaluations, it focuses on the impacts of ALMPs on the subsequent employment and earnings of participants. This paper provides an update to earlier assessments by incorporating the results of the more recent program evaluations. It also extends these previous reviews by explicitly considering the impacts of ALMPs in developing and transition countries. While most rigorous program evaluations continue to be undertaken in industrialized countries, this gives a significant number of evaluations from transition and, to a lesser extent, developing countries.

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Impacts of active labor market programs : new evidence from evaluations with particular attention to developing and transition countries

Surveys the history of the House of Representatives and describes its structure, current function, and influence on American society.

The House of Representatives

Currently, welfare programs coordinate a range of services to support work among welfare recipients and help them overcome barriers to employment. This paper considers the relationship between spatial proximity to and utilization of support services among welfare recipients. Accessibility of mental health and substance abuse service providers among welfare recipients is examined in the three-county Detroit metropolitan area and the relationship between mental health service accessibility and mental health service utilization among welfare recipients considered. Not only does access to service providers vary significantly across the metropolitan area by race and place, but these analyses reveal that greater spatial proximity to service providers increases the probability that welfare recipients will receive services. When controlling for access to providers and individual-level characteristics, we also find that African American welfare recipients are about half as likely to use mental health services as white recipients. © 2003 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.

http://scottwallard.com/allard_jpam-2003.pdf

Proximity to service providers and service utilization among welfare recipients: the interaction of place and race.

SUMMARY A number of economic and labor market trends in the United States over the past 30 years affect the well-being of workers and their families. This article describes key changes taking place and the implications for social and economic policies designed to help low-income working families and their children, particularly those families that include immigrants. Important conclusions that emerge include the following: * Diversity. The workforce, like the population, is more diverse than in past decades, as more workers and their families are of mixed ethnicities and more workers have families that include both immigrant and non-immigrant members. * Demand for Low-Skilled Labor. Although demand for high-skilled workers continues to increase, two-thirds of all jobs in the U.S. labor market do not require high skills or education, and the demand for low-skilled workers also is expected to continue over the next decade. * Skills Gap. Those with strong technical skills and college educations receive higher wages; and those with fewer skills and education are relegated to the secondary labor market where wages and job security are low and few employee benefits are offered. * Working Poor. Over 2 million persons are in poverty even though at least one person in their family works full time, year round. The authors conclude that policies to help low-wage workers with families need to focus on more work supplementation strategies, improved access to supports, more targeted education and training services, and proposals extending some form of legal status to undocumented workers. Without a commitment to such policies, working poverty is likely to continue, and children in immigrant families, in particular, are likely to stay poor, even with working parents. ********** A number of economic and labor market trends in the United States over the past 30 years have altered the characteristics of the workforce and have had an impact on the well-being of workers and their families. Low-income workers in particular have been affected by some of the macro-economic trends, such as the shift in the industrial base of the nation from one centered on manufacturing to one focused more on services and, especially since the 1990s, to one defined by technology and communication. Because of economic restructuring, the gap between wages paid to those with high levels of education and skills and those with low levels of education and skills has widened. Meanwhile, the United States has experienced a shift in the ethnicity and national origins of its population, and therefore its workforce, as well as a continuing shift in family structure. The past two decades have seen a high and sustained inflow of immigrants and an increase in the proportion of the population with limited English proficiency. A significant share of the immigrant population possesses educational deficiencies and limited work skills, which means they generally enter the low-wage segment of the labor market. At the same time, the trend toward more single-parent households, at least in the non-immigrant population, continues to redefine family issues for low-wage workers, their employers, and public policy. This article describes key changes taking place in the economy and in the workforce that affect low-income families. (1) The implications of these broad and intermingled trends are discussed, along with social and economic policies designed to help low-income working families, particularly those that include immigrants. Trends in the Economy and Employment Despite the slow-down and recession in 2001 and 2002, the U.S. economy is extremely strong. The long period of economic growth in the 1990s--with strong job growth, high productivity, and low inflation--brought unemployment to historically low levels. More people, even those with relatively limited labor market experience, worked in the 1990s, and poverty rates showed a slight decline even for single mothers and their children. …

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Economic and Labor Market Trends

been able to use some of their Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) funds to provide services to nonresident fathers, including employment-related services. PRWORA also authorized grants to states to assist noncustodial parents with access and visitation issues, and it required states, as part of their Child Support Enforcement Program, to have procedures requiring fathers who are not paying child support to participate in work activities, which may include employment and training programs. The Deficit Reduction Act (DRA) of 2005 (P.L. 109-171), which contains a reauthorization of the TANF program, also authorized funding to states and public and nonprofit entities for responsible fatherhood programs. These recent policies encourage the development of more programs for lowincome fathers. This brief focuses on several important early fatherhood initiatives that were developed and implemented during the 1990s and early 2000s that provide valuable lessons to policymakers and program staff now in this field. Formal evaluations of these earlier fatherhood efforts have been completed, some quite recently, making this an opportune time to step back and assess what has been learned and how to build on the early programs’ successes and challenges. The role of noncustodial fathers in the lives of low-income families has received increased attention in the past decade. As welfare reform has placed time limits on cash benefits, policymakers and program administrators have become interested in increasing financial support from noncustodial parents as a way to reduce poverty among low-income children. Although child support enforcement efforts have increased dramatically in recent years, there is evidence that many low-income fathers cannot afford to meet their child support obligations without impoverishing themselves or their families. Instead, many fathers accumulate child support debts that may lead them to evade the child support system and see less of their children. To address these complex issues, states and localities have put programs in place that focus on developing services and options to help low-income fathers find more stable and better-paying jobs, pay child support consistently, and become more involved parents. In part because of the availability of new funding sources and a growing interest in familyfocused programs, this area is experiencing dramatic growth, with hundreds of “fatherhood” programs developing across the country. Under the expanded purposes of Title IVA, authorized in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-193, Karin Martinson and Demetra Nightingale Ten Key Findings from Responsible Fatherhood Initiatives

Ten Key Findings from Responsible Fatherhood Initiatives

Excerpt] Retraining and upgrading the skills of incumbent workers and providing training to new labor force entrants, dislocated workers, and unemployed persons can help increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the workforce. Funding for occupational training comes from many sources — the federal government, state and local governments, private employers, philanthropic foundations, and individual workers themselves. This report examines occupational training to present a preliminary picture of the total spending on job training in the United States.

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Estimating Public and Private Expenditures on Occupational Training in the United States

In Fort Worth, Baltimore, Milwaukee, Pittsburgh, and San Diego, faith-based organizations (FBOs) received between $36,000 and $3.6 million in contracts from local workforce development agencies in 2000. Most churches contacted provided only informal employment services, although one to three large churches in each city sponsored more formal services, but without public funding. About half the non-profit FBOs contacted (e.g., homeless shelters, transitional housing facilities or social service agencies) received public funding and many of these provided some employment-related services. Federal funding to FBOs for employment services was mainly from the U.S. Departments of Labor and Housing and Urban Development.

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Faith-Based Organizations Providing Employment and Training Services: A Preliminary Exploration. Revised.

Even in a strong job market with low overall unemployment, a substantial number of youth are disconnected from work and schooling. Being disconnected during early ages (between sixteen and twenty-four) can have negative impacts on future labor-market success and other outcomes. This article presents data and summarizes the literature on the causes and consequences of youth disconnection. It discusses evidenced-based policies and programs that show promise for engaging or reengaging young people and meeting the needs of particular groups of disconnected youth, including effective education and training programs (both in secondary and postsecondary contexts), targeted reforms to community college systems, strategies for addressing barriers to work and school including provision of comprehensive services, and demand-oriented solutions that improve job opportunities for youth.

Demetra Smith Nightingale

Papers

Economic and Labor Market Trends

Ten Key Findings from Responsible Fatherhood Initiatives

Estimating Public and Private Expenditures on Occupational Training in the United States

Faith-Based Organizations Providing Employment and Training Services: A Preliminary Exploration. Revised.

Disconnected Young Adults: Increasing Engagement and Opportunity