https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/0003-4975(92)90113-I/pdf

Release of vasoactive substances during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass: review of a counterproductive controversy.

https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/0003-4975(92)90434-6/pdf

A randomized study of the systemic effects of warm heart surgery

Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to hypothermic and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.

Pulsatile and nonpulsatile perfusion: the continuing controversy.

In a randomized trial of pulsatile vs nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery surgery, we studied hemodynamic and hormonal responses. Anesthesia did not produce a response but, from the time of the incision, cortisol and antidiuretic hormone levels and plasma renin activity all increased. Cortisol levels continued to rise after surgery, whereas the other began to fall. Systemic vascular resistance fell dramatically during cardiopulmonary bypass but rapidly rose after bypass with a reciprocal change in cardiac index. We did not see the changes ascribed to nonpulsatile bypass by others. There ws no difference between our pulsatile and nonpulsatile cases. High-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, vasodilating inhalation anesthesia and continuation of Inderal therapy may account for our results.

Desai P

Papers

Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass: failure to influence hemodynamics or hormones.