Graphene has emerged as a subject of enormous scientific interest due to its exceptional electron transport, mechanical properties, and high surface area. When incorporated appropriately, these atomically thin carbon sheets can significantly improve physical properties of host polymers at extremely small loading. We first review production routes to exfoliated graphite with an emphasis on top-down strategies starting from graphite oxide, including advantages and disadvantages of each method. Then solvent- and melt-based strategies to disperse chemically or thermally reduced graphene oxide in polymers are discussed. Analytical techniques for characterizing particle dimensions, surface characteristics, and dispersion in matrix polymers are also introduced. We summarize electrical, thermal, mechanical, and gas barrier properties of the graphene/polymer nanocomposites. We conclude this review listing current challenges associated with processing and scalability of graphene composites and future perspectives f...

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Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites

Carbon nanotube–polymer composites: Chemistry, processing, mechanical and electrical properties

Thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes and their polymer nanocomposites: A review

https://tore.tuhh.de/bitstream/11420/394/1/Article_5._free.pdf

A review and analysis of electrical percolation in carbon nanotube polymer composites

A review of nonlinear oscillatory shear tests: Analysis and application of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS)

Combination of Cyclic Fatigue Testing and Materials Characterisation to Investigate Ageing of Elastomers

The device (1) has a housing having a cavity for filling the plastic material. A first electrode is made of a first material and a second electrode is made of a second material. The electrodes are respectively provided with a contact surface extended towards the cavity. The standard potential of first material is higher than standard potential of second material. The electrodes are configured for determining the electric current and/or electric voltage between the contact surfaces which are connected to each other through a measuring element. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) injection molding machine; and (2) method for measuring the corrosivity of plastic melt.

Machine with a device for producing a plastic melt and a device for determining the corrosivity of this plastic melt, and method of determining the corrosivity with this machine

Frenkel’s model for the late stage of coalescence of viscous particles has been extended to describe pore collapse in a viscoelastic melt during polymer sintering. The shrinkage of a pore in a polymer melt driven by surface tension is extended by taking into account the effects of trapped gas and gas transport out of the pore. Viscoelasticity has been shown to have a considerable impact on the time scale of the coalescence process. In addition, gas diffusion modifies the coalescence dynamics. Based on a parameter study, different regimes for the pore collapse have been identified. At the beginning of pore collapse, surface tension is considerably stronger than gas pressure within the pore. In this time interval (surface-tension-driven regime), the pore shrinks even in the absence of gas diffusion through the matrix. In the absence of gas transport, the shrinkage dynamic slows down and stops when the surface tension balances the gas pressure in the pore. If gas transport out of the pore is possible, surface tension and gas pressure are balanced while the gas pressure slowly decreases (diffusion-controlled regime). The final phase of pore collapse, which occurs when the gas pressure within the pore decreases sufficiently, is controlled again by surface tension. The limitations of the model are discussed. To analyze the interplay between different mechanisms and process steps during selective laser sintering, the respective time scales are compared using experimental data.

Dirk Lellinger

Papers

Combination of Cyclic Fatigue Testing and Materials Characterisation to Investigate Ageing of Elastomers

Machine with a device for producing a plastic melt and a device for determining the corrosivity of this plastic melt, and method of determining the corrosivity with this machine

Modelling of Pore Collapse during Polymer Sintering: Viscoelastic Model with Enclosed Gas.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die thermische Analyse eines Materials

Quality assurance; Residence-time measurements and detection of melt heterogeneities