Dishen Zhang

TL;DR: In this paper, the carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (CMC/PVA) based hybrid polymer (HPe) system with different ratio of composition have been prepared via solution casting.

Abstract: After a fluorene-based anion exchange membrane (AEM) containing 1-isopropyl-2methylimidazolium with alkyl side chains was prepared, the membrane properties, including OH– conductivities, ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, swelling ratio, and chemical and thermal stabilities of the obtained membrane were assessed. The synthesized membrane exhibited low water uptake and good dimensional stability with adequate hydroxide conductivity. For example, the AEM showed a swelling ratio of 7% and hydroxide conductivity of 46 mS cm-1 at 80°C in liquid water. The chemical stability was investigated in 1 M NaOH solution at room temperature and at 80°C. At both temperatures, degradation of the imidazolium cationic groups was observed, although the main chain was chemically stable. All results obtained from this research are expected to provide important direction and insight for AEM synthesis for practical applications in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Introduction Currently, polymer electrolyte membrane based fuel cells are emerging as a promising power source because of their high energy efficiency and low level of environmental pollution.[1] Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) offer numerous advantages over traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), such as faster kinetics of oxygen–reduction reaction, fuel flexibility, and reduced fuel crossover from anode to cathode. Several alternatives have been reported for using nonnoble metal electrocatalysts: nickel, silver, and cobalt.[2] For AEMFC development, a major challenge is finding a durable AEM that is adequately alkaline stable for long-term operation, and which has low water swelling and robust mechanical stability, while providing high ionic conductivity.[3] Aromatic polymers are desirable for researchers as a backbone of AEMs because they have high

TL;DR: In this paper, the electrical conduction and structural behavior of blended polymer electrolyte (BPE)-based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the development of solid-state electrochemical devices were investigated.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper identified three kinds of stigma: perceived stigma, personal stigma, and self-stigma, and provided a framework for future study on antecedents of different stigma and the design of stigma reduction interventions.