A Christmas Tree-Shaped Quadband Compact Antenna with Triple Slots for Various Wireless Technologies

ABSTRACT The paper proposes a wearable multiband antenna applicable for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, bluetooth, WiMAX, upper WLAN, fifth-generation (5G) smartphone applications, INSAT and radio altimeter, X-band, point-to-point hi-speed wireless, satellite TV, and C-band applications. This antenna is designed to function at resonance frequencies of 2.45 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 8.2 GHz. The proposed textile antenna design dimensions are 50x80x0.56mm3.The antenna presented 47% impedance bandwidth covering the ISM band. The simulated value of the gain provided by the proposed wearable textile antenna is 5.59 dBi, 3.67 dBi, 3.99 dBi, 4.42 dBi at 2.45 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 8.2 GHz resonant frequencies respectively.Simulations are therefore carried out using the human tissue model to show the specific absorption rate (SAR) value of the proposed antenna at different resonant frequencies. The antenna is fabricated and the simulated reflection coefficient validation is done with the measured results. The Antenna in off space provides 45% (2.1-3.32 GHz) impedance bandwidth. The antenna measured on the back of the human body provides percentage impedance bandwidth of 145% covering 1.4 to 8.8 GHz frequency band applicable for ISM band and other wireless applications.

Design and performance analysis of wearable antenna for ISM band applications

ABSTRACT Stub loaded pocket-shaped fractal antenna (PSFA) with defected ground structure of volumetric dimensions 32 × 36 × 1.6 mm3 for UWB technology has been presented in this manuscript. Proposed structure exhibits improved impedance bandwidth in juxtaposition to other geometries like antenna with partial ground plane and ground plane with defects. Ground plane of proposed antenna has been modified for attaining the improved results. Finally, the structure of antenna with modified ground plane reveals the wider impedance bandwidth of 11.80 GHz (149.36%) and 5.33 GHz (30.75%) in the frequency range from 2.0 to 13.80 GHz and 14.67 to 20.0 GHz, respectively. The peak gain of antenna is also computed and divulged as 7.02 dB at 9.7 GHz frequency band. The co- and cross-polarisation radiation patterns in E- and H-plane of proposed antenna are measured and presented at frequency points 3.0, 4.9, 7.3, 8.8, 10.2, 13.0, 16.6 and 19.4 GHz. Proposed antenna has been simulated and its performance is also being investigated using HFSS V13 simulator. Further, optimised antenna geometry is fabricated, and fair comparison between simulated and measured results has been drawn and divulged in reasonable agreement with each other. The proposed antenna has reported the wider bandwidth which made it a suitable candidate for distinct wireless applications in the UWB frequency range.

Design and investigation of pocket shaped fractal antenna using circular ring elements for UWB technology with stub loaded DGS

A multiband antenna is designed for wireless applications. An antenna with a defective ground structure will provide a higher gain and suppress higher mode harmonics. In wireless communication, where the antenna size is limited, microstrip antennas are more advantageous. The targeted frequency ranges are 2.3–2.5, 3.1–3.5, 3.8–4.2, and 6.2–6.7 GHz. 2.4 GHz frequency is used in one of the Wi-Fi frequency bands. Any frequency band in the range of 3.3–4.2 GHz could be a potential band for the sub-7 GHz band in the 5G spectrum. The 6.2–6.7 GHz frequency band covers some Wi-Fi 6E bands. Optimetrics are used for assigning different values to a parameter, and parametric analysis is used to achieve the targeted frequency bands with a modified antenna design. The substrate material is FR4 epoxy which has a dielectric constant of 4.4. The antennas are simulated using HFSS and tested using Keysight Fieldfox Spectrum Analyzer N9915A. 

Design of Y-shaped Multiband Antenna Using the Parametric Approach for Wireless Networks

Design of antenna by amalgamating staircase and hexagonal ring-shaped structures with the modified ground plane for multi-standard wireless applications

A small multiband antenna with step geometry is proposed. The proposed fork like antenna structure with partial ground plane is designed on FR4 substrate having dimensions 20 × 30 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed such that it operates at three different bands. The multiband operations are obtained by adding split ring resonator on the back side of patch which is useful for Mobile and Wi-Fi/Wi-Max applications. The proposed antenna achieves impedance bandwidth from 1.89 to 1.91 GHz, from 3.16 to 3.91 GHz, from 3.914 to 4.28 GHz and from 5.693 to 6.323 GHz. The antenna achieved a maximum gain of 3.09 dB with efficiency more than 90%.

Divyani Rane

Papers

Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications