The use of metal oxide nanoparticles is one of the promising ways for overcoming antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have found wide applications in different fields of biomedicine. Several studies have suggested using the antimicrobial potential of IONPs. Iron is one of the key microelements and plays an important role in the function of living systems of different hierarchies. Iron abundance and its physiological functions bring into question the ability of iron compounds at the same concentrations, on the one hand, to inhibit the microbial growth and, on the other hand, to positively affect mammalian cells. At present, multiple studies have been published that show the antimicrobial effect of IONPs against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Several studies have established that IONPs have a low toxicity to eukaryotic cells. It gives hope that IONPs can be considered potential antimicrobial agents of the new generation that combine antimicrobial action and high biocompatibility with the human body. This review is intended to inform readers about the available data on the antimicrobial properties of IONPs, a range of susceptible bacteria, mechanisms of the antibacterial action, dependence of the antibacterial action of IONPs on the method for synthesis, and the biocompatibility of IONPs with eukaryotic cells and tissues.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/884/pdf

Do Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Have Significant Antibacterial Properties

A general report on the use of the Allium test as cytotoxicological and genotoxicological assay is proposed, with particular emphasis about the standardization of the test in several common applica...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00087114.2018.1503496

An evaluation for the standardization of the Allium cepa test as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

The field of nanotechnology is concerned with the creation and application of materials having a nanoscale spatial dimensioning. Having a considerable surface area to volume ratio, nanoparticles have particularly unique properties. Several chemical and physical strategies have been used to prepare zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Still, biological methods using green or natural routes in various underlying substances (e.g., plant extracts, enzymes, and microorganisms) can be more environmentally friendly and cost-effective than chemical and/or physical methods in the long run. ZnO-NPs are now being studied as antibacterial agents in nanoscale and microscale formulations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prevalent traditional method of generating ZnO-NPs, as well as its harmful side effects, and how it might be addressed utilizing an eco-friendly green approach. The study’s primary focus is on the potential biomedical applications of green synthesized ZnO-NPs. Biocompatibility and biomedical qualities have been improved in green-synthesized ZnO-NPs over their traditionally produced counterparts, making them excellent antibacterial and cancer-fighting drugs. Additionally, these ZnO-NPs are beneficial when combined with the healing processes of wounds and biosensing components to trace small portions of biomarkers linked with various disorders. It has also been discovered that ZnO-NPs can distribute and sense drugs. Green-synthesized ZnO-NPs are compared to traditionally synthesized ones in this review, which shows that they have outstanding potential as a potent biological agent, as well as related hazardous properties.

/pdf/exploring-the-journey-of-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles-zno-nps-16vpp5c9.pdf

Exploring the Journey of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) toward Biomedical Applications

Silver-zinc oxide nanocomposite: From synthesis to antimicrobial and anticancer properties

Orodental problems have long been managed using herbal medicine. The development of nanoparticle formulations with herbal medicine has now become a breakthrough in dentistry because the synthesis of biogenic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) using plant extracts can address the drawbacks of herbal treatments. Green production of MNPs such as Ag, Au, and Fe nanoparticles enhanced by plant extracts has been proven to be beneficial in managing numerous orodental disorders, even outperforming traditional materials. Nanostructures are utilized in dental advances and diagnostics. Oral disease prevention medicines, prostheses, and tooth implantation all employ nanoparticles. Nanomaterials can also deliver oral fluid or pharmaceuticals, treating oral cancers and providing a high level of oral healthcare. These are also found in toothpaste, mouthwash, and other dental care products. However, there is a lack of understanding about the safety of nanomaterials, necessitating additional study. Many problems, including medication resistance, might be addressed using nanoparticles produced by green synthesis. This study reviews the green synthesis of MNPs applied in dentistry in recent studies (2010–2021).

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bca/2022/2311910.pdf

The Potential Application of Green-Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review

One of the promising ways to overcome microbial antibiotic resistance is the use of nanoparticles of metal oxides. As you know, a wide range of metals has antimicrobial action: Ag, Al, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, etc. The mechanisms of the antimicrobial action of metals are impaired functioning of microbial enzymes, generation of reactive oxygen species, damage to the cell membrane, and genotoxic action. ZnO nanoparticles have bacteriostatic and bactericidal action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungicidal activity. The mechanism of action is based on the release of Zn2+, generation of reactive oxygen species, damage to the cell membrane, binding to microbial proteins and nucleic acids. NPs based on ZnO have a number of advantages: high antibacterial efficiency at low concentrations (0.16-5.00 mM/l), action on a wide range of microbial strains, and relatively low production costs. Methods have now been found to improve the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles. The use of several methods at the same time in some cases gives a synergistic effect. All of the above allows us to predict the use of ZnO nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobial agents in the near future.

/pdf/a-mini-review-of-antibacterial-properties-of-zno-1aty9exf12.pdf

A Mini Review of Antibacterial Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles

Antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is an important problem of modern medicine which can be solved by searching for antimicrobial preparations of the new generation. Nanoparticles (NPs) of metals and their oxides are the most promising candidates for the role of such preparations. In the last few years, the number of studies devoted to the antimicrobial properties of silver oxide NPs have been actively growing. Although the total number of such studies is still not very high, it is quickly increasing. Advantages of silver oxide NPs are the relative easiness of production, low cost, high antibacterial and antifungal activities and low cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells. This review intends to provide readers with the latest information about the antimicrobial properties of silver oxide NPs: sensitive organisms, mechanisms of action on microorganisms and further prospects for improving the antimicrobial properties.

/pdf/ag2o-nanoparticles-as-a-candidate-for-antimicrobial-14jaexka.pdf

Ag2O Nanoparticles as a Candidate for Antimicrobial Compounds of the New Generation

Heracleum sosnowskyi is one of the most aggressive alien species in Europe. However, no information is available on its genotoxic effects. The goal of this study was to investigate cytological aber...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00087114.2016.1272313

Genotoxic effects of Heracleum sosnowskyi in the Allium cepa test

The study investigates the spectra of acoustic signals generating during the optical breakdown of colloidal solutions of iron nanoparticles. A characteristic form of the acoustic spectrum has been experimentally established, a distinctive feature of which is the presence of signals from an expanding and collapsing gas bubble. It is shown that the amplitude and area of these acoustic signals depend on the concentration of nanoparticles in the irradiated colloid. The effect of the concentration of nanoparticles on the bubble lifetime corresponding to the time interval between the acoustic spectrum signals corresponding to the birth and cavitation of a gas bubble has been studied.

/pdf/analysis-of-acoustic-signals-during-the-optical-breakdown-of-2wd1hmvu7t.pdf

Dmitriy A. Serov

Papers

A Mini Review of Antibacterial Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles

Do Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Have Significant Antibacterial Properties

Ag2O Nanoparticles as a Candidate for Antimicrobial Compounds of the New Generation

Genotoxic effects of Heracleum sosnowskyi in the Allium cepa test

Analysis of acoustic signals during the optical breakdown of aqueous solutions of Fe nanoparticles