Since World War II, dengue viruses have progressively extended their geographic domain and have increased as causes of human morbidity and mortality. This complex of four flaviviruses is principally transmitted to humans by the bite of Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever vector. Factors that promote the indoor storage of water are congenial to the breeding of A. aegypti. These include the dislocations of wars, overpopulation , and urbanization. By the mid-20th century, A. aegypti eradication campaigns had nearly succeeded in much of the Western Hemisphere. Since then, there has been a steady degradation in ability to cope with this species despite the fact that a newly emerged, severe immunopathologic disorder, dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, endows dengue epidemics with grave consequences. Development of a vaccine against dengue is complicated by the need to develop four different live attenuated vaccines and by a justifiable caution imposed by dengue immunopathology. A wide range of proven methods have been and are available to reduce populations of A. aegypti. This paper argues that the eradication strategy adopted earlier in this century is still viable and cost effective. Critical to a successful control program is a prioritied approach, a thorough, disciplined planning effort, a commitment to assessment, adequate compensation of staff, and, above all, the will to succeed.

Selective Primary Health Care: Strategies for Control of Disease in the Developing World. XI. Dengue

Since World War II, dengue viruses have progressively extended their geographic domain and have increased as causes of human morbidity and mortality. This complex of four flaviviruses is principally transmitted to humans by the bite of Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever vector. Factors that promote the indoor storage of water are congenial to the breeding of A. aegypti. These include the dislocations of wars, overpopulation, and urbanization. By the mid-20th century, A. aegypti eradication campaigns had nearly succeeded in much of the Western Hemisphere. Since then, there has been a steady degradation in ability to cope with this species despite the fact that a newly emerged, severe immunopathologic disorder, dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, endows dengue epidemics with grave consequences. Development of a vaccine against dengue is complicated by the need to develop four different live attenuated vaccines and by a justifiable caution imposed by dengue immunopathology. A wide range of proven methods have been and are available to reduce populations of A. aegypti. This paper argues that the eradication strategy adopted earlier in this century is still viable and cost effective. Critical to a successful control program is a prioritied approach, a thorough, disciplined planning effort, a commitment to assessment, adequate compensation of staff, and, above all, the will to succeed.

Selective Primary Health Care: Strategies for Control of Disease in the Developing

A knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey and an extensive entomologic survey were conducted in two sub-districts of Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand, to test the hypothesis that correct dengue knowledge and practice reduce dengue vector populations. We found a negative association between respondents' knowledge of preventive measures and the number of unprotected containers in and around their houses. Knowledge of development sites was positively associated with unprotected containers. No relationships existed between knowledge of dengue and adult mosquito reduction practices. A higher number of unprotected containers increased the likelihood of the house being infested with one or more adult Aedes aegypti. Surprisingly, houses of respondents that used mosquito coils or had screening on doors and windows were significantly more likely to be infested (odds ratio =2.0) with adult Ae. aegypti. We conclude that there is a direct link between knowledge on dengue prevention and container protection practices, whereas measures against adult mosquitoes are used only when people experience a mosquito nuisance problem.

Dengue knowledge and practices and their impact on aedes aegypti populations in kamphaeng phet, thailand

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in South-East Asia

Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices concerning dengue among rural communities of Rembau and Bukit Pelanduk district, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Study Design: This was a community based cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among household members in two villages from Rembau and Bukit Pelanduk districts respectively in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia in August 2010. Methodology: A total of 400 respondents were included in the study with 100 respondents from each of the four villages. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview of all residents aged 18 years and above in the selected households using a pretested structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consist of three sections; the first section concerned with knowledge comprising of 10 questions, the second part related to attitude comprised of six questions and the third part concerned with practice with seven questions. Results: It was found that knowledge among the respondent was only adequate. The main source of information on dengue was from the television or radio (88.5%). The respondents’ attitude was good and most was supportive of Aedes control measures. There was significant association between knowledge and attitude (P<0.001) with an Odds Ratio of 3.8 (95% CI:2.2, 6.7). Knowledge was associated with age, ethnicity and Original Research Article

Dobbins Jg

Papers

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to control of Dengue haemorrhagic fever in an urban Malay kampung.