https://fisica.cab.cnea.gov.ar/gpgpu/images/charlas/medical_image_processing_on_the_gpu.pdf

Medical Image Processing on the GPU : Past, Present and Future

From the Publisher: 
This is undoubtedly the most accessible book on digital signal processing (DSP) available to the beginner. Using intuitive explanations and well-chosen examples, this book gives you the tools to develop a fundamental understanding of DSP theory. The author covers the essential mathematics by explaining the meaning and significance of the key DSP equations. Comprehensive in scope, and gentle in approach, the book will help you achieve a thorough grasp of the basics and move gradually to more sophisticated DSP concepts and applications.

数字信号处理 = Understanding digital signal processing

A shared-housing ultrasound transducer and machine-vision camera system is disclosed for registering the transducer's x, y, z position in space and pitch, yaw, and roll orientation with respect to an object, such as a patient's body. The position and orientation are correlated with transducer scan data, and scans of the same region of the object are compared in order to reduce ultrasound artifacts and speckles. The system can be extended to interoperative gamma probes or other non-contact sensor probes and medical instruments. Methods are disclosed for computer or remote guiding of a sensor probe or instrument with respect to saved positions and orientations of the sensor probe.

Methods and systems for tracking and guiding sensors and instruments

The present study examined the reliability and validity of in vivo vastus lateralis (VL) fascicle length (Lf) assessment by extended field-of-view ultrasonography (EFOV US). Intraexperimenter and i...

In vivo assessment of muscle fascicle length by extended field-of-view ultrasonography

Two-dimensional ultrasound (US) imaging has been successfully used in clinical applications as a low-cost, portable and non-invasive image modality for more than three decades. Recent advances in computer science and technology illustrate the promise of the 3-D US modality as a medical imaging technique that is comparable to other prevalent modalities and that overcomes certain drawbacks of 2-D US. This systematic review covers freehand 3-D US imaging between 1970 and 2017, highlighting the current trends in research fields, the research methods, the main limitations, the leading researchers, standard assessment criteria and clinical applications. Freehand 3-D US systems are more prevalent in the academic environment, whereas in clinical applications and industrial research, most studies have focused on 3-D US transducers and improvement of hardware performance. This topic is still an interesting active area for researchers, and there remain many unsolved problems to be addressed.

Freehand 3-D Ultrasound Imaging: A Systematic Review

Backscattered signals contain frequency-dependent information about tissue microstructures, but when using these signals to construct conventional ultrasound B-mode images, the frequency-dependent information will not be utilized. Scatterer size is an important parameter to differentiate diseased tissue from normal. To get the more correct estimation about scatterer size, the more correct assumption about attenuation must be learned. In most cases, the attenuation estimation must be known a priori, and then the scatterer size is computed by a minimal routine. In most case, the attenuation is known a priori. Any errors in the attenuation using the method will produce errors in the resulting scatterer size estimated. Though there are some methods to improve the scatterer size estimation, but most of them also need the attenuation which is known a priori. A new method is proposed in this paper by an analysis of the in vivo backscattered power spectrum, to improve scatterer size estimation. Here the attenuation and the scatterer size were estimated simultaneously, so the attenuation shouldn't be known a priori. The attenuation and scatterer size can be found by searching the attenuation and scatterer values while operating the minimal routine in the new method. Simulations were done to test the new method, the transducer had 8 MHz center frequency, 4 f-number and 5 cm focal length, the attenuation was 0.5 dB/cm/MHz. The result showed that the scatter size (error less than 20%) estimation could be found with large window length (6-12mm), and a better estimation could be found if concerning both total and local attenuation.

Method of Improved Scatterer Size Estimation without Attenuation Known a Priori

Characteristic matching-based adaptive fast bilateral filter for ultrasound speckle reduction

-Elastography is a non-invasive method in which stiffness of soft tissue is displayed as strain images to assist in detecting or classifying tumors. External tissue compression causes axial displacements which are subsequently computed and converted to strain. However, in this processing, periodic artifacts often corrupt the image quality severely. This paper presents a 2-D FFT removal algorithm for reducing such artifacts in ultrasonic strain imaging. Because the periodic pattern of the artifacts, we apply the 2-D FFT in the strain image to extract and remove the peaks which are corresponding to artifacts in the frequency domain. Computer simulations and in vitro testing demonstrate our proposed method performs quite well in removing strain image artifacts.

2-D FFT for Periodic Noise Removal on Strain Image & &

Recently, some diffusion-based filtering methods have been developed such as anisotropic diffusion (AD) or nonlinear diffusion (ND), which can reduce the speckle noise, at the same time, preserve and enhance the edge/borders in ultrasound image However, because of the granular pattern of speckle, it is quite difficult to reduce speckle exactly through diffusion-based methods only In this paper, we propose a super resolution (SR) based ND method We firstly reduce and compound speckle noise in a sequence of ultrasound images by using a fast SR method for ultrasound image After this process, ultrasound speckle is much smaller, and the edge and structure are much clearer as complementary information of different images was used To reduce the noise of the SR improved image, we use a local coherence based ND method In the end, experimental results of the proposed method are compared with some other AD methods to demonstrate its effectiveness.

https://tiancao.me/portfolio/ACCV09_Bo.pdf

Ultrasound speckle reduction via super resolution and nonlinear diffusion

Ultrasound B-mode imaging is the basic image mode which can offer anatomic information of organs for clinical diagnosis. Because of the massive computation involved in baseband processing from focused radio-frequency (RF) signals followed by envelop detection, compression and scan conversion required for high quality B-mode imaging, existing medical systems always rely on complicated hardware in real time implementation. In this paper, we have proposed the parallel processing of RF signals to B-mode image based on commercial graphics processing unit (GPU) under NVIDIA CUDA platform. Experiments show that our GPU implementation can achieve a frame rate about 48 fps from RF signals of 206&#61620;2172 samples to an image with a size of 256&#61620;512. This is about 52 times faster than that based on CPU platform with the same image quality.

Dong C. Liu

Papers

Method of Improved Scatterer Size Estimation without Attenuation Known a Priori

Characteristic matching-based adaptive fast bilateral filter for ultrasound speckle reduction

2-D FFT for Periodic Noise Removal on Strain Image & &

Ultrasound speckle reduction via super resolution and nonlinear diffusion

Optimized GPU Framework for Ultrasound B-Mode Imaging