Fenton processes have gained much attention in the field of wastewater treatment during recent years. In order to overcome the disadvantages of Fenton processes, research has focused more on the heterogeneous Fenton process, with highly active and stable solid catalysts. This review reports on advances in the field of heterogeneous Fenton processes in recent years, especially focusing on the various heterogeneous catalysts used. After a general introduction to the various Fenton processes, their advantages and the importance of heterogeneous Fenton processes, various catalysts used in heterogeneous Fenton processes are described in detail. These catalysts are divided into iron minerals, zero-valent iron, waste materials, iron- and iron oxide-loaded materials, and clay. The properties, stability, activity and pollutant degradation mechanism of various catalysts are also discussed in detail.

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Heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the abatement of organic pollutants from aqueous solution: a review

Possible applications of coal fly ash in wastewater treatment.

Comparison of alkyl xanthates degradation in aqueous solution by the O3 and UV/O3 processes: Efficiency, mineralization and ozone utilization

Degradation of sodium n-butyl xanthate by vacuum UV-ozone (VUV/O3) in comparison with ozone and VUV photolysis

The performance of acid-modified coal fly ash (CFA) was tested for use as a catalyst of a Fenton-like process in p-nitrophenol (p-NP) wastewater treatment The results show that HNO3-modified coal fly ash (HFA) has a better catalytic capacity (966% p-NP removal rate) than those ( 91% of the p-NP removal rate, revealing an outstanding catalytic stability and reusability The catalytic mechanism of HFA was discussed by comparing the physicochemical features of HFA with raw CFA and by proposing the reactions which occur in the Fenton-like process

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Catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater via a Fenton-like process under the catalysis of HNO3-modified coal fly ash

Heterogeneous Fenton-like process using fly ash as a catalyst was studied to degrade n-butyl xanthate form aqueous solution. The different reaction parameters on the degradation efficiency of the process were investigated. The fly ash/H2O2 catalyst possesses a high oxidation activity for n-butyl xanthate degradation in aqueous solution. It is found that both the dosage of catalyst and initial solution pH significantly affect the n-butyl xanthate conversion efficient. The results indicate that by using 1.176 mmol/L H2O2 and 1.0 g/L fly ash catalyst with mass fraction of 4.14% Fe(III) oxide at pH 3.0, almost 96.90% n-butyl xanthate conversion and over 96.66% COD removal can be achieved within 120 min with heterogeneous catalysis by fly ash. CS2 as an intermediate of n-butyl xanthate oxidation. Finally, it is demonstrated that the fly ash/H2O2 catalytic oxidation process can be an efficient method for the treatment of n-butyl xanthate containing wastewater.

Dong-yun Du

Papers

Degradation of n-butyl xanthate using fly ash as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst