Introduction Part I. Theoretical Explorations: 1. Compromise and closure: a theory of social dynamics 2. The making of modern communities Part II. State Building and Ethnic Conflict: 3. Who owns the state? Ethnic conflicts after the end of empires 4. Nationalism and ethnic mobilisation in Mexico 5. From empire to ethnocracy. Iraq since the Ottomans Part III. The Politics of Exclusion in Nationalised States: 6. Racism and xenophobia 7. Nationalising multi-ethnic Switzerland.

Nationalist Exclusion and Ethnic Conflict: Shadows of Modernity

1. The Meaning of Social Anthropology2. Structure and Organization in a Small Community3. Social Change in Peasant Communities4. The Social Framework of Economic Organization5. The Social Framework of Primitive Art6. Moral Standards and Social Organization7. Religion in Social Reality

Elements of Social Organization

Principles of Organization.

Personhood, Agency, and Mortuary Ritual: A Case Study from the Ancient Maya

A long-standing assumption in archaeological theory is that pottery in the domestic context represents a form of “passive style” that does not enter into symbolic communication in the political domain This paper presents ethnoarchaeological data to establish a link between women's active political behavior and pottery style in the domestic context in a small-scale, segmental society in the Ecuadorian Amazon Analysis of individual variables of style shows that Achuar and Quichua women signify their political alliances in the painted decoration of their domestic pottery more strongly than they signify so-called “passive” processes of learning associated with early enculturation and ethnicity Furthermore, analysis of women's judgments of pottery as Achuar or Quichua indicates that they decode cues to political alliances in the pottery of other women, including cues to political differences within and between groups The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the principles underlying women's stylistic behavior as part of the political processes involved in the construction and maintenance of social identity and social boundaries

From Pottery to Politics: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Political Factionalism, Ethnicity, and Domestic Pottery Style in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Social Strategies and Social Relationships

The indigenous march in Ecuador in 1992 (the Caminata) from upper Amazonia to Andean Quito is one of many similar counterhegemonic events taking place over the past decade in Latin America. It began as a peaceful, pragmatic movement to gain land usufruct and soon became a veritable theater of symbolic action. In this article we portray, explicate, and analyze the symbolic dimensions of this march as they were externalized and dramatized in indigenous discourse during and after the Caminata. We also discuss the national audience reaction to this ritual drama by drawing from disseminated interpretations in the national media and discuss the political aftermath of indigenous movements in Ecuador through June 1996.

Return of the Yumbo: the indigenous Caminata from Amazonia to Andean Quito

The Andean nation of Ecuador derives much of its revenue from petroleum that is extracted from its vast Upper Amazonian rain forest, which is home to ten indigenous nationalities. Norman E. Whitten Jr. and Dorothea Scott Whitten have lived among and studied one such people, the Canelos Quichua, for nearly forty years. In Puyo Runa, they present a trenchant ethnography of history, ecology, imagery, and cosmology to focus on shamans, ceramic artists, myth, ritual, and political engagements. Canelos Quichua are active participants in national politics, including large-scale movements for social justice for Andean and Amazonian people. Puyo Runa offers readers exceptional insight into this cultural world, revealing its intricacies and embedded humanisms.

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Puyo Runa: Imagery and Power in Modern Amazonia

Preface vii Acknowledgments ix Introduction: To Remake the World 1 Prelude 23 1. Colonial Mentality in Making the World 25 Prelude 43 2. Indigenous Constructions of "Blackness" 45 Norman E. Whitten Jr. and Rachel Corr Prelude 65 3. The Topology of El Mestizaje 67 Prelude 91 4. The Ecuadorian Indigenous Uprising of 1990 93 Prelude 115 5. Ecuador in the New Millennium 117 Prelude 141 6. Indigenous Ethnographers Portray Their World 143 Dorothea Scott Whitten Prelude 163 7. Indigenous Modernity 165 Conclusion: Ethnography and Theory in Cultural Life 187 Notes 203 References 211 Index 243

Dorothea S. Whitten

Papers

Social Strategies and Social Relationships

Return of the Yumbo: the indigenous Caminata from Amazonia to Andean Quito

Puyo Runa: Imagery and Power in Modern Amazonia

Histories of the Present: People and Power in Ecuador

From Myth to Creation: Art from Amazonian Ecuador