Forces in Joints, Skeletal Biology, Analysis of Bone Remodeling, Mechanical Properties of Bone, Fatigue and Fracture Resistance of Bone, Mechanical Adaptation of the Skeleton, Synovial Joint Mechanics, Mechanical Properties of Ligament and Tendon

Skeletal Tissue Mechanics

On the dependence of the elasticity and strength of cancellous bone on apparent density.

Evolution of bone transplantation: molecular, cellular and tissue strategies to engineer human bone *

Trabecular bone is a complex material with substantial heterogeneity Its elastic and strength properties vary widely across anatomic sites, and with aging and disease Although these properties depend very much on density, the role of architecture and tissue material properties remain uncertain It is interesting that the strains at which the bone fails are almost independent of density Current work addresses the underlying structure-function relations for such behavior, as well as more complex mechanical behavior, such as multiaxial loading, time-dependent failure, and damage accumulation A unique tool for studying such behavior is the microstructural class of finite element models, particularly the "high-resolution" models It is expected that with continued progress in this field, substantial insight will be gained into such important problems as osteoporosis, bone fracture, bone remodeling, and design/analysis of bone-implant systems This article reviews the state of the art in trabecular bone biomechanics, focusing on the mechanical aspects, and attempts to identify important areas of current and future research

Biomechanics of trabecular bone.

Critical-sized defects in bone, whether induced by primary tumor resection, trauma, or selective surgery have in many cases presented insurmountable challenges to the current gold standard treatment for bone repair. The primary purpose of a tissue-engineered scaffold is to use engineering principles to incite and promote the natural healing process of bone which does not occur in critical-sized defects. A synthetic bone scaffold must be biocompatible, biodegradable to allow native tissue integration, and mimic the multidimensional hierarchical structure of native bone. In addition to being physically and chemically biomimetic, an ideal scaffold is capable of eluting bioactive molecules (e.g., BMPs, TGF-betas, etc., to accelerate extracellular matrix production and tissue integration) or drugs (e.g., antibiotics, cisplatin, etc., to prevent undesired biological response such as sepsis or cancer recurrence) in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. Various biomaterials including ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites have been investigated for their potential as bone scaffold materials. However, due to their tunable physiochemical properties, biocompatibility, and controllable biodegradability, polymers have emerged as the principal material in bone tissue engineering. This article briefly reviews the physiological and anatomical characteristics of native bone, describes key technologies in mimicking the physical and chemical environment of bone using synthetic materials, and provides an overview of local drug delivery as it pertains to bone tissue engineering is included.

https://aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/btpr.246

Bone tissue engineering: A review in bone biomimetics and drug delivery strategies

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/25447/0000897.pdf?sequence=1

The mechanical properties of human tibial trabecular bone as a function of metaphyseal location.

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/23752/0000725.pdf;sequence=1

Material identification of soft tissue using membrane inflation

Closed Loop Automobile Maneuvers Using Describing Function Models

A new all-digital simulation of automobile handling allows severe maneuvers involving braking or accel eration and cornering. A novel feature is the in corporation of closed-loop control based on a mathematical model of the human driver. The program is modular and well-documented. The model includes provisions for nonlinear tire and suspension forces and moments; it also allows the user to switch off the nonlinearities and to include an antilock brake system.

/pdf/digital-simulation-for-automobile-maneuvers-h0cpfjppos.pdf

Douglas L. Wilson

Papers

The mechanical properties of human tibial trabecular bone as a function of metaphyseal location.

Material identification of soft tissue using membrane inflation

Closed Loop Automobile Maneuvers Using Describing Function Models

Digital Simulation for Automobile Maneuvers

Closed Loop Automobile Maneuvers Using Preview-Predictor Models