This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w7487/w7487.pdf

Well-Being Over Time in Britain and the USA

The growth of precarious work since the 1970s has emerged as a core contemporary concern within politics, in the media, and among researchers. Uncertain and unpredictable work contrasts with the re...

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Precarious Work, Insecure Workers: Employment Relations in Transition

Distinguishing four sources of power in human societies – ideological, economic, military and political – The Sources of Social Power traces their interrelations throughout human history In this first volume, Michael Mann examines interrelations between these elements from neolithic times, through ancient Near Eastern civilizations, the classical Mediterranean age and medieval Europe, up to just before the Industrial Revolution in England It offers explanations of the emergence of the state and social stratification; of city-states, militaristic empires and the persistent interaction between them; of the world salvation religions; and of the particular dynamism of medieval and early modern Europe It ends by generalizing about the nature of overall social development, the varying forms of social cohesion and the role of classes and class struggle in history First published in 1986, this new edition of Volume 1 includes a new preface by the author examining the impact and legacy of the work

The sources of social power

Human differentiation on the basis of gender is a fundamental phenomenon that affects virtually every aspect of people's daily lives. This article presents the social cognitive theory of gender role development and functioning. It specifies how gender conceptions are constructed from the complex mix of experiences and how they operate in concert with motivational and self-regulatory mechanisms to guide gender-linked conduct throughout the life course. The theory integrates psychological and sociostructural determinants within a unified conceptual structure. In this theoretical perspective, gender conceptions and roles are the product of a broad network of social influences operating interdependently in a variety of societal subsystems. Human evolution provides bodily structures and biological potentialities that permit a range of possibilities rather than dictate a fixed type of gender differentiation. People contribute to their self-development and bring about social changes that define and structure gender relationships through their agentic actions within the interrelated systems of influence.

https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Bandura/Bandura1999PR.pdf

Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation.

This masterly new study presents the first large-scale empirical analysis of the changes in British work experiences and employment relationships between the 1980s and 1990s. Drawing on the Employment in Britain surveya national survey providing the richest source of evidence to date about individuals' experience of employmentit examines the impact of new technologies, the emergence of new management policies, the changing forms of employment contract, and the growth of job insecurity on people's experience of employment. The authors focus on the implications these developments have for the ways in which skills and work tasks have been changing, the nature of control at work, the degree of participation in decision-making, and the flexibility demanded at work. They assess whether there has been a tendency towards either a polarization or convergence of employment experiences between men and women, and between occupational classes. They offer fresh insight into how the changing quality of work in recent years has affected employee's involvement in their jobs and organizations, the stress they experience at work, and the propensity for absenteeism and staff turnover. While the study provides strong evidence of a marked trend towards upskilling, the authors take issue with the argument that a new type of employment relationship is emerging, arguing instead that the restructuring of the employment relationship has, in fact, reinforced traditional lines of division in the workforce.

Restructuring the Employment Relationship

1. The Experience of Unemployment in Europe: The Debate PART 1: UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY 2. Unemployment and Poverty: Change over Time 3. Poverty and Financial Hardship among the Unemployed 4. Unemployment and Income Packaging among European Youth 5. The Changing Effects of Social Protection on Poverty PART 2: UNEMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR MARKET MARGINALISATION 6. Unemployment, Gender and Attitudes to Work 7. The Permanent Effects of Labour Market Entry in Times of High Unemployment 8. Unemployment and Cumulative Disadvantage in the Labour Market 9. Poverty and the Employment of Lone Mothers 10. Social Capital and Exits from Unemployment 11. Who Exits Unemployment? Institutional Features, Individual Characteristics and Chances of Getting a Job. A Comparison of Britain and Italy PART 3 : UNEMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL INTEGRATION 12. The Effects of Employment Precarity and Unemployment on Social Isolation 13. United in Employment, United in Unemployment? Employment and Unemployment of Couples in the European Union 14. Unemployment and Psychological Well-Being 15. Gender and the Experience of Unemployment 16. Public Attitudes to Unemployment in Different Welfare Regimes CONCLUSION The Social Regulation of Unemployment

Welfare regimes and the experience of unemployment in Europe

1 Production Regimes, Employment Regimes and the Quality of Work 2 Skills and Wages in European Labour Markets: Structure and Change 3 Job-Related Training in Europe: Do Institutions Matter? 4 Task Discretion and Job Quality 5 Work and Family in Conflict? The Impact of Work Demands on Family Life 6 Job Insecurity 7 The Quality of Work Life in Comparative Perspective References Index

Employment Regimes and the Quality of Work

There have been marked differences between countries in the importance that governments and the social partners of industry have attached to issues related to the quality of working life. In particular, these themes have been much more salient in the public discourse of the Scandinavian societies than in other European societies. But did such policy commitments translate into effective differences in the experience of working life? Hitherto there has been insufficient comparative evidence for any serious attempt to assess this. However, a survey providing data that is comparable for all of the European Union countries offers the opportunity for a tentative assessment of the implications of such policy differences. The paper compares employees' perceptions of the quality of working tasks, the degree of involvement in decision-making, career opportunities, and job security to see whether the Scandinavian countries have a distinctive pattern from other European Union countries. While a wide range of factors affect the quality of work conditions, employees in Denmark and Sweden (and to a lesser extent Finland) do appear to have higher quality of work tasks and better opportunities for participation. As these were the aspects of working life that were most central to the reform programmes, the results are consistent with the view that there can be societal effects deriving from the policy orientations of the major economic interest groups

http://www.lefacteurhumain.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/QWL-Scandinavia.pdf

The Quality of Working Life: Is Scandinavia Different?

The single most important change in the British labour market over the last two decades has been the re-emergence of mass unemployment. This study focuses on six areas: Aberdeen, Kirkcaldy, Rochdale, Coventry, Northampton, and Swindon, and investigates the effect of being unemployed on individuals' attitudes to work, their social relationships, and their psychological health. It breaks entirely new ground, using large-scale surveys that allow direct comparison with people in employment and taking into account a wide range of variables. It will become a standard work of reference on the subject.

Duncan Gallie

Papers

Restructuring the Employment Relationship

Welfare regimes and the experience of unemployment in Europe

Employment Regimes and the Quality of Work

The Quality of Working Life: Is Scandinavia Different?

Social Change and the Experience of Unemployment