The air electrode, which reduces oxygen (O2), is a critical component in energy generation and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal/air batteries. The highest current densities are achieved with platinum (Pt), but in addition to its cost and scarcity, Pt particles in composite electrodes tend to be inactivated by contact with carbon monoxide (CO) or by agglomeration. We describe an air electrode based on a porous material coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which acts as an O2 reduction catalyst. Continuous operation for 1500 hours was demonstrated without material degradation or deterioration in performance. O2 conversion rates were comparable with those of Pt-catalyzed electrodes of the same geometry, and the electrode was not sensitive to CO. Operation was demonstrated as an air electrode and as a dissolved O2 electrode in aqueous solution.

High Rates of Oxygen Reduction over a Vapor

Textile finishing dyes and their impact on aquatic environs.

Complexation of copper(II) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octahydroxy-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (CuPcOH) with copper(II) ions gives a two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF). This is the first report of a phthalocyanine-based MOF. This 2D MOF was obtained as a black powder and showed an electrical conductivity of 1.6×10-6  S cm-1 at 80 °C. When this MOF is used as a cathode of lithium ion battery (LIB), large charge/discharge capacities of 151/128 mAh g-1 were obtained. In addition, it showed a good stability during 200 charge/discharge cycles. The obtained LIB performance mainly originates from the electrically conductive and redox-active framework of the phthalocyanine-based 2D MOF and its hierarchical microporous/mesoporous structure.

Synthesis and Electric Properties of a Two‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Framework Based on Phthalocyanine

Polymeric complexes of transition metal ions as electrochromic materials: Synthesis and properties

Voltammetric, in-situ spectroelectrochemical, and in-situ electrocolorimetric characterization of octa-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxysubstituted lanthanide (III) bis-phthalocyanines [samarium(III) (SmPc2), europium (III) (EuPc2), gadolinium (III) (GdPc2), dysprosium(III) (DyPc2) and lutetium(III) (LuPc2)] were performed in solution and in the solid states as Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. The type of the central metal of the complexes slightly altered the potentials of the electron transfer reactions. Redox peaks shifted toward the negative potentials as a function of the decreasing metal ion size. All complexes gave three reduction and one oxidation reactions with in the whole potential window of the electrolyte system. Due to the π-π interaction of phthalocyanine rings around the lanthanide metal ions the complexes were easily reduced at even positive potentials. Assignments of the redox processes, spectra and color of the electrogenerated species of the complexes were determined with in-situ spectroelectrochemical, and in-situ electrocolorimetric measurements. Various colors recorded during the electron transfer reactions well reflected electrochromic characters of the complexes. For practical usage, LB thin films of the complexes were easily coated on the ITO electrodes and investigated as electrochromic materials. All complexes displayed three distinctive color alternatives as green, orange, and red for their different redox states. Electrochromic measurements indicated that the nature of the metal ions in the phthalocyanine cavity alters the basic electrochromic parameters of the complexes. LB films of DyPc2 and LuPc2 were especially found as ideal neutral and anodic coloring electrochromic materials with their short response times, and high optical and coulombic stabilities. © 2014 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.111406jes] All rights reserved.

Electrochemical, Spectroelectrochemical, and Electrochromic Properties of Lanthanide Bis-Phthalocyanines

Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterization of newly synthesized manganese, cobalt, iron and copper phthalocyanines

Effects of peripheral and nonperipheral substitution to the spectroscopic, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of metallophthalocyanines

http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/161/10/H670.full.pdf

Duygu Arıcan

Papers

Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterization of newly synthesized manganese, cobalt, iron and copper phthalocyanines

Effects of peripheral and nonperipheral substitution to the spectroscopic, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of metallophthalocyanines

Electrochromism of Electropolymerized Phthalocyanine-Tetrahydroquinoline Dyads

Electrochromism of the Langmuir–Blodgett films based on monophthalocyanines carrying redox active metal centers

Electrochromism of electropolymerized cobaltphthalocyanine–quinoline hybrid