Using the examples of cadmium and lead, the review considers the various toxic effects exerted by these heavy metals. Putative specific and nonspecific mechanisms of the toxic effects of the heavy metals and plant responses are discussed together with the issue of Cd and Pb accumulation in various plant organelles, cells, tissues, and organs. The basic mechanisms providing for plant resistance to excess Cd and Pb are elucidated. These data are used to schematically outline the changes in plant metabolism produced by these heavy metals.

Physiological Aspects of Cadmium and Lead Toxic Effects on Higher Plants

Bryophytes and heavy metals: a literature review

This article reviews the literature on the use of mosses for monitoring atmospheric metal pollution It discusses the nature of mosses, the mechanisms for moss uptake of metals from the air and wet precipitation, the various forms in which mosses are used for this purpose, and cases in which mosses have been used for monitoring local hot spots of pollution, and regional patterns of metal pollution Also highlighted are the questions of uptake of metals from the substrates, interspecies differences, and a comparison of the effectiveness of mosses with other indicator materials, among other issues

Monitoring Atmospheric Metal Pollution: A Review of the Use of Mosses as Indicators

Cellular adaptation in metal toxicology and metallothionein

SUMMARY
A histochemical method was used to investigate the distribution of applied lead in the seed and seedling stage of Raphanus sativus. Lead contamination of the embryo was inhibited by the testa until it ruptured during imbibition. In seedlings, lead moved into the root cortex predominantly along the cell walls as far as the endodermis. Beyond the endodermis lead was localized extensively in the vascular tissues. There was little movement of lead from the vascular tissue into the surrounding tissue of the stem and cotyledons.

https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1977.tb02206.x

A histochemical investigation of lead uptake in raphanus sativus

THE accumulation of lead within vegetation growing near busy roads has for some years received considerable attention1–4. Less effort, however, has so far been made to find out where in the plants accumulation takes place, an important question when the isubsequent effects of heavy metal pollution are to be considered.

Lead Accumulation within Nuclei of Moss Leaf Cells

An electron microscope study of experimental and environmental lead poisoning of leaf cells from the moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (Hedw.) Warnst. is described. Plants treated with lead acetate and lead chloride solutions, or collected from roadsides exposed to lead pollution from motor exhaust gases have been used. The results are compared with other studies of experimental lead poisoning in both plants and animals, with particular regard to uptake mechanisms and to lead accumulating at different sites in the cell. We have shown that lead may be bound within the cell wall, and that it may also enter the cytoplasm. Pinocytosis was observed in leaf cells from moss plants treated with lead salt solutions. Via pinocytotic vesicles within the cytoplasm the particles containing lead could then be discharged into the vacuole. In the leaf cells of mosses exposed to environmental pollution the protoplasmic lead was found to be bound within the nucleus, and was easily identified as electron-dense, nuclea...

An ultrastructural study of lead accumulation within leaves of Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (Hedw.) Warnst. A comparison between experimental and environmental poisoning

E. M. Ophus

Papers

Lead Accumulation within Nuclei of Moss Leaf Cells

An ultrastructural study of lead accumulation within leaves of Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (Hedw.) Warnst. A comparison between experimental and environmental poisoning