This paper is one of a series presented on behalf of the System Operations Subcommittee with the intent of focusing industry attention on power system restoration issues Renewed, intensive interest in the problem of power system restoration is coming at a time when new technologies are providing powerful new capabilities in areas such as large scale system analysis, communication, data management, artificial intelligence, and allied disciplines Full advantage should be taken of such an opportune coincidence, but in a responsible manner The following discussions explore some of the possibilities that are opening up for more power system restoration strategies and practices

New Approaches in Power System Restoration

Applications of artificial intelligence in power systems

Integrating diagnosis and repair is particularly crucial when gaining sufficient information to discriminate between several candidate diagnoses requires carrying out some repair actions. A typical case is supply restoration in a faulty power distribution system. This problem, which is a major concern for electricity distributors, features partial observability, and stochastic repair actions which axe more elaborate than simple replacement of components. This paper analyses the difficulties in applying existing work on integrating model-based diagnosis and repair and on planning in partially observable stochastic domains to this real-world problem, and describes the pragmatic approach we have retained so far.

Supply restoration in power distribution systems: a case study in integrating model-based diagnosis and repair planning

This paper describes a systematic method for power system restoration planning. System restoration at Hydro-Quebec is performed according to a set of detailed emergency instructions. The basis for these instructions is a restoration plan that is prepared off-line by operation planners. This plan includes a switching scenario with a set of values for the control variables-generator voltages, shunt reactors and load levels-that satisfy the operating constraints. Finding a suitable set of control variables usually requires many load-flow runs in a trial-and-error process. However, the problem can be formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem. The optimization algorithm which solves that problem provides values for the control variables automatically. This algorithm is linked to a user interface which constitutes a powerful tool for system restoration planning. >

A systematic method for power system restoration planning

With the fast-paced changing technologies in the power industry, new power references addressing new technologies are coming to the market. So there is an urgent need to keep track of international experiences and activities taking place in the field of modern power system restoration problem. This paper gives a bibliographic survey, mathematical formulations, and general background of research and developments in the field of restoration problem for past 35 years, based on more than 150 published articles. The collected literature has been divided into many sections, so that new researchers do not face any difficulty in carrying out research in the area of next-generation restoration problem under any environment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Restoration of power network – a bibliographic survey

Power transmission networks are protected from local failures by automatic devices that disconnect faulted areas after a failure to suppress short circuits or overloads on lines. To construct power restoration plans, operators must take into account general restoration guidelines or local constraints, but most of the procedure relies on their experience. The aim of the MARS project is to provide the operator with an aid during these delicate phases of network monitoring. MARS is a second-generation expert system which takes into account the man-machine cooperation problematic. MARS constructs restoration plans after a local failure on a power transmission network. Organized around a blackboard architecture, it integrates planning knowledge sources containing the restoration expertise, a qualitative model to predict the results of the considered actions, and a quantitative model to verify the correctness of the plans towards numerical constraints (load flow). >

E. Mondon

Papers

MARS: an aid for network restoration after a local disturbance