The review is devoted to mechanically sensitive indoline spiropyrans and their structural features. Recent advances in the study of their isomerization processes are considered, special attention is paid to the effect of pressure on the behavior of spiropyrans in the composition of various photochromic materials and dyes, as well as in the process of the formation of J-aggregates in Langmuir–Blodgett films.

Isomerization and changes of the properties of spiropyrans by mechanical stress: advances and outlook

Development of molecular photoswitch with very fast photoresponse based on asymmetrical bis-azospiropyran

A number of photochromic markers, viz., spirobenzopyrans containing one or two active carboxy groups attached directly or through a spacer, as well as their model derivatives, were synthesized. The obtained compounds were characterized by instrumental methods of analysis. Spectrokinetic methods were used to study the behavior of the spirobenzopyran markers and the model derivatives in solutions in EtOH and toluene.

Synthesis and studies of photochromic properties of spirobenzopyran carboxy derivatives and their model compounds as potential markers

New maleimide spirobenzopyran derivatives as photochromic labels for macromolecules with sulfhydryl groups

Redox/pH Dual Stimuli‐Responsive Acridine Spiropyran

The review is devoted to spiropyrans in which the pyran ring can be opened reversibly to give a completely conjugated colored isomer. Methods for the preparation of spiropyrans from various heterocyclic systems, their chemical properties, and the effects of various factors on the relative stabilities of the spiropyrans and the isomeric merocyanines are examined.

É. R. Zakhs

Papers

Synthesis and properties of spiropyrans that are capable of reversible opening of the pyran ring (review)